Imibiko Yezikweletu Zomthengi vs Zezentengiselwano

Abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabathengi baseNingizimu Afrika bavame ukudonsa imibiko yezikweletu zabathengi lapho behlola abantu ngabanye. Uma umfakisicelo kuyibhizinisi, inkampani eseduze, noma umnikazi oyedwa, umbiko ofanayo womthengi ungase unganeli. Umbiko wezikweletu zezentengiso waseNingizimu Afrika udonsa emithonjeni yedatha ehlukene kanye nemikhiqizo yehhovisi—njengezixazululo zebhizinisi ze-Experian Business noma i-Datanamix—futhi uphendula umbuzo ohlukile: ibhizinisi ngokwalo lisebenza kanjani, hhayi abaqondisi noma abanikazi balo kuphela? Ukudida lokhu kokubili kuholela ekuhloleni okungaphelele, engozini egejiwe, nezinqumo ezisekelwe ohlotsheni olungalungile lwedatha. Lesi sihloko sichaza umehluko phakathi kwemibiko yezikweletu zabathengi neyezentengiselwano, kungani ukuthembela kudatha yomthengi kukodwa kwehluleka lapho kuhlolwa amabhizinisi noma abadayisi bodwa, ukuthi iyiphi idatha yezohwebo ehlanganisayo, ukuthi ukuthobelana nokusebenza kuhluke kanjani, futhi nini ukudonsa yimuphi umbiko. Ukuze uthole uhlaka olubanzi lokufunda nokusebenzisa imibiko yehhovisi, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu ufundwa kanjani umbiko wezikweletu eNingizimu Afrika.

Umehluko Womthengi vs Wezentengiso

ENingizimu Afrika, imibiko yomthengi yezikweletu ihlobene nomuntu wemvelo: inombolo kamazisi yomuntu ngamunye, ama-akhawunti, indlela yokukhokha, izahlulelo, nezinhlu ezingezinhle. UMthetho Kazwelonke Wezikweletu uchaza umthengi njengomuntu wemvelo noma ibhizinisi eliNCAne (umuntu ongokomthetho) othola isikweletu ngenjongo ebekwe ku-NCA; ekusebenzeni kwe-bureau, imibiko “yabathengi” yileyo eyakhelwe kumuntu ngamunye njengesihloko. I-Bureaux efana ne-Experian, TransUnion, Datanamix, ne-XDS ibamba futhi ibike le datha. Uma udonsa i-Umbiko wezikweletu waseNingizimu Afrika noma i-Umbiko wesikweletu se-Datanamix yomuntu, usendaweni yabathengi.Imibiko yezikweletu (noma yebhizinisi) ihlobene nebhizinisi: inkampani, i-close corporation, noma ibhizinisi elihwebayo. Isihloko inombolo yokubhaliswa kwebhizinisi, umlando wokuhweba, ukuziphatha kokukhokha nabahlinzeki nabakhokhi bezimali, izahlulelo ezimelene nebhizinisi, futhi ngokuvamile umqondisi noma amalungu okuxhumana. Imikhiqizo efana ne-Experian Business, izixazululo zezikweletu zebhizinisi ze-Datanamix, nabanye abahlinzeki bedatha be-B2B bahlinzeka ngalokhu. Idatha ayithathi indawo yombiko womthengi; kungumbono ohlukile wesihloko esihlukile. Umnikazi oyedwa angase adinge kokubili: umbiko womthengi ngomuntu ngamunye (obophezelekile ngokomuntu siqu) futhi, lapho kutholakala khona, idatha yezohwebo noma yohwebo egameni lokuhweba lebhizinisi noma ibhizinisi.

Kungani Ukuthembela Kuphela Embikweni Yabathengi Kuhluleka Ukuhlola Ibhizinisi

Uma umfakisicelo kuyinkampani noma i-CC, noma uma ikhredithi ingeyebhizinisi, umbiko womthengi uwodwa awuphelele.

Isihloko asilungile. Umbiko womthengi ufakwe enombolweni kamazisi. Inkampani inenombolo yokubhalisa, hhayi umazisi. Umlando wokukhokha wenkampani nabahlinzeki, ama-akhawunti ayo okuhweba, nezahlulelo ezimelene nebhizinisi akuveli efayeleni lomthengi lomuntu. Ungadonsa umbiko womthengi womqondisi noma welungu ukuze uhlole umthamo womuntu noma umlingiswa, kodwa lokho akubonisi ukuthi ibhizinisi lizikhokhela kanjani izikweletu zalo noma ukuthi inkampane inakuphi ukuchayeka.

Abahwebi bodwa bahlala kuyo yomibili imihlaba. Umnikazi oyedwa ngumuntu oyedwa; umbiko wabo womthengi ubonisa isikweletu somuntu siqu kanye nokuziphatha. Uma futhi behweba ngaphansi kwegama lebhizinisi futhi benama-akhawunti okuhweba noma isikweletu somphakeli egameni lebhizinisi, lokhoukuchayeka kwezohwebo kungase kungaveli embikweni womthengi. Ababolekisi nabadayisi abahlola ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yemali mboleko yebhizinisi noma i-overdraft ngokuvamile badinga ukucabangela kokubili idatha yomuntu siqu (yomthengi) neyebhizinisi (yezentengiso) ukuze bathole isithombe esigcwele somthamo nobungozi.

Inqubomgomo nokwakheka komkhiqizo kuthatha idatha efanele. Abahlinzeki bezikweletu abafana no-ABSA, FNB, kanye ne-WesBank banikeza kokubili ukubolekwa kwabathengi nebhizinisi. Imigqa yezezimali yebhizinisi nempahla ngokuvamile idinga ulwazi lwekhredithi yezohwebo ebhizinisini; imigqa yabathengi isebenzisa imibiko yabathengi. Ukusebenzisa idatha yomthengi kuphela yesicelo senkampani kuphoqa isinqumo kulwazi olungaphelele futhi kwenza buthaka kokubili ubungozi nokuthobela.

Ihlanganisa Ingakanani Idatha Yesikweletu Sezentengiso

Umbiko wezikweletu zezentengiselwano waseNingizimu Afrika uvame ukusebenzisa imithombo eqondene nebhizinisi kanye nemikhiqizo yehhovisi. Okuqukethwe kuyehluka ngomhlinzeki kodwa kuvame ukufaka okulandelayo.

Isihlonzi sebhizinisi. Igama lenkampani noma le-CC, inombolo yokubhalisa, ikheli lokuhweba, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abaqondisi noma amalungu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umbiko nenhlangano esemthethweni efanele, hhayi kumuntu oyedwa.

Ukuziphatha kokukhokha kwezohwebo. Indlela inkampane ibakhokhela ngayo ababolekisi bayo bezohwebo: izitayela zokukhokha, ukubambezeleka, ukungakhokhi, noma izingxabano. Lena i-analogue yezohwebo yochungechunge lwephrofayela yokukhokha komthengi—ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi ngokwalo.

Ukuchayeka nezinsiza. Izinsiza zekhredithi noma zohwebo egameni lebhizinisi: imali engaphezu kwemali esele, ikhredithi yokuhweba, ezezimali zempahla, noma ezinye izinsiza. Ibhalansi nemikhawulo isekela ukuhlolwa komthwalo wezikweletu zebhizinisi namandla.

Izahlulelo nezehlakalo ezimbi. Izinqumo zenkantolo,okuzenzakalelayo, noma izehlakalo zokushoda ezimele inkampani noma i-CC. Lokhu kuthinta ukufaneleka kwebhizinisi futhi kuhlukile kunoma yiziphi izahlulelo ezibhekiswe kubaqondisi noma abanikazi kumafayela abo omthengi.

Izixhumanisi (lapho zitholakala khona). Eminye imikhiqizo ixhumanisa abaqondisi noma amalungu ebhizinisini, ukuze umsebenzisi abone ukuthi ubani omi ngemva kwebhizinisi. Lokho akuthathi indawo yokudonselana kwabathengi okuhlukile kulabo bantu lapho amandla omuntu siqu noma isiqiniseko sikhona.

I-CIPC kanye nedatha yomphakathi. Isimo sokubhaliswa kwenkampani, izinzuzo zonyaka, kanye nolunye ulwazi lomphakathi lungase lufakwe noma lutholakale eduze kwedatha yehhovisi. Lokhu kusekela ukuqinisekiswa nomongo kodwa akuthathi indawo yedatha yokukhokha neyokuchayeka.

Idatha yezohwebo ayilinganisiwe kubo bonke abahlinzeki. Isakhiwo nokujula kuyahluka phakathi kwe-Experian Business, iminikelo yebhizinisi ye-Datanamix, nokunye. Njenge umbiko wezikweletu zamahhovisi amaningi eNingizimu Afrika nezindlela zedatha yabathengi, ukudonsa emithonjeni yezentengiso engaphezu kowodwa kungathuthukisa ukufakwa lapho kuhlolwa amabhizinisi amakhulu noma ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Ukuhambisana Nokuqukethwe Kokulawula

Ikhredithi yomthengi ilawulwa kakhulu ngaphansi koMthetho Wezikweletu Kazwelonke futhi igadwe yi-NCR. Ukuhlola ukukwazi ukuthengeka, ukunikezwa kokubolekisa ngobudedengu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwehhovisi kwakhiwe kuzungeze umthengi (umuntu wemvelo noma umuntu osemthethweni ofanelekayo) kanye nedatha yabathengi. Imibiko yabathengi ingena ngqo ekuthengeni okuhambisana ne-NCA kanye nokuthatha izinqumo.

Ikhredithi yezohwebo noma yebhizinisi ayikho ngaphansi kwe-NCA ngendlela efanayo. Ukubolekwa kwezinkampani nama-CC kuwela ngaphansi kwemithetho ehlukene; Ukukwazi ukukhokhela i-NCA kanye nohlaka lokuboleka budedengu luyasebenzaikakhulukazi kwikhredithi yomthengi. Lokho akusho ukuthi ikhredithi yezohwebo ayilawulwa. I-POPIA isebenza kukho kokubili ulwazi lomuntu siqu lomthengi nelohwebo; ababhalisile be-bureau kufanele babe nesisekelo esisemthethweni sokufinyelela nokusebenzisa idatha. Amazinga enkontileka nawemboni (isb. I-Credit Bureau Association, i-SACRRA) nayo iyasebenza endleleni idatha yezohwebo ebikwe futhi isetshenziswe ngayo.

Abanikazi bodwa bangakwazi ukuhlala emngceleni. Lapho umuntu ofanayo ehlolwa njengomuntu oyedwa ukuze athole isiqinisekiso somuntu siqu noma njengomsebenzisi webhizinisi, kokubili idatha yomthengi neyezohwebo ingase ifaneleke. Izinqubomgomo kufanele zicace: sikhipha nini umbiko womthengi kuphela, sidonsa nini ezentengiso kuphela, futhi sikudonsa nini kokubili.

Isicelo Esisebenzayo: Ungadonsa Nini Imuphi Umbiko

Ukuhlola inkampani noma i-CC. Donsa umbiko wekhredithi yezohwebo ebhizinisini. Isebenzisele ukuchayeka kwebhizinisi, ukuziphatha kwezohwebo, nezehlakalo ezimbi. Uma isivumelwano sidinga iziqinisekiso zomqondisi noma ukuhlolwa kwamandla omuntu siqu, donsa imibiko yabathengi kubantu abafanelekile futhi. Zombili ziyaphelelisana: ezentengiso zebhizinisi, umthengi ngomuntu.

Ukuhlola umnikazi oyedwa. Donsa umbiko womthengi ngomuntu ngamunye (unesibopho somuntu siqu). Uma i-prop eyodwa inezindawo zokuhweba noma zebhizinisi egameni lebhizinisi, engeza idatha yezohwebo noma yohwebo lapho itholakala khona ukuze ukuchayeka kwebhizinisi nokuziphatha kungaphuthelwa. Izikweletu eziningi zamabhizinisi amancane kanye ne-overdraft kuncike kukho kokubili.

Imikhiqizo yabathengi kuphela. Uma umkhiqizo ungowomthengi (isb. imalimboleko yomuntu siqu, imali yemoto egameni lomuntu, ikhadi lesitolo), umbiko womthengi uthiokokufaka okuyinhloko okulungile. Idatha yezohwebo ayidingeki ngaphandle uma isicelo noma inqubomgomo iletha ngokusobala imali engenayo yebhizinisi noma isikweletu sebhizinisi.

Abadayisi namafemu emikhiqizo eminingi. Abadayisi bezikweletu abenza kokubili amadili omthengi nebhizinisi badinga imithetho ecacile yangaphakathi: yiluphi uhlobo lombiko oluyisibopho samuphi umkhiqizo, futhi lapho kokubili kudingekile. Ukungaguquguquki kugwema ukudonsa uhlobo lombiko okungalungile futhi kusekela ukuhlolwa nokuhambisana.

Ngekabani Lokhu

Lo mehluko ubalulekile kubahlinzeki bezikweletu abahlinzeka ngemalimboleko yama-SME, imali yempahla, noma imali ebolekiwe yebhizinisi; abadayisi bezikweletu abahlola amabhizinisi noma abahwebi bodwa futhi bawafanise nababolekisi; kanye nanoma yimuphi uchwepheshe okufanele anqume ukuthi adonse idatha yomthengi, idatha yezohwebo, noma kokubili. Ukusebenzisa umbiko womthengi lapho isihloko kuyibhizinisi, noma ukusebenzisa umbiko wezohwebo kuphela lapho amandla omuntu siqu ekhona, kubukela phansi kokubili ubungozi nokuzivikela. Ukwazi umehluko—futhi uma uhlobo ngalunye lombiko lufanelekile—kuyingxenye yokuhlolwa kwekhredithi okufanelana nenhloso eNingizimu Afrika.

Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo

Imibiko yezikweletu zabathengi nabezentengiselwano eNingizimu Afrika inikeza izifundo ezihlukene futhi iphendula imibuzo eyahlukene. Imibiko yabathengi ichaza umuntu ngamunye; Imibiko yezikweletu zezentengiselwano ichaza ibhizinisi. Ezinkampanini nama-CC, idatha yezohwebo ibalulekile; kubanikazi bodwa, idatha yomthengi neyentengiso ingase idingeke. Ukuthembela emibikweni yabathengi kuphela lapho kuhlolwa ibhizinisi kushiya ukuchayeka kanye nezikhala zokuziphatha futhi kungaholela ezinqumweni ezingaphelele noma ezingaguquki. Uma ungathanda ukubona ukuthi umbiko wesikweletu uhlelwe kanjaniukuhlaziya kungasekela kokubili ukugeleza komsebenzi wabathengi nokwezentengiselwano endaweni eyodwa, thintana ukuze kuxoxwe ngodaba lwakho lokusebenzisa nokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani idatha ye-bureau ibe ukuhlola okungaguquki, okuhlolekayo.