Izidingo Zokugcina Amarekhodi Ngaphansi KoMthetho Wezikweletu Kazwelonke
Qonda izimfuneko zokugcina amarekhodi e-NCA kubanikezeli bezikweletu baseNingizimu Afrika kanye nabeluleki bezikweletu, okuhlanganisa nokuthi yini okufanele uyigcine, isikhathi esingakanani, futhi ngani.
Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi kungenye yezinto ezingajabulisi kangako zokuthobela isikweletu, kodwa kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile. Lapho i-NCR icwaninga inkampani yakho noma uma kuphakama ingxabano yabathengi, ikhono lakho lokukhiqiza amarekhodi afanele linquma ngokushesha ukuthi umphumela ungokwejwayelekile noma uyalimaza. Amafemu amaningi athatha ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi njengokucatshangelwa kamuva - futhi akukhokhele lapho engakwazi ukwakha kabusha okwenzekile.
UMthetho Kazwelonke Wezikweletu udinga abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabeluleki bezikweletu ukuthi bagcine amarekhodi anele azo zonke izivumelwano zezikweletu, ukuhlaziya, kanye nokuxhumana okuhlobene. Lawa marekhodi kumele agcinwe ngendlela evumela ukuthi alandwe futhi aqinisekiswe, futhi kufanele agcinwe isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Nokho amafemu amaningi akuthola kunzima ukuhlangabezana nalezi zibopho ngenxa yokuthi amarekhodi ahlakazeka kuzo zonke izinhlelo, agcinwe ngokungahambisani, noma alahleke ngokuphelele lapho abasebenzi behamba noma amasistimu eshintsha. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi yiziphi izidingo zokugcina amarekhodi ezisebenza ngaphansi koMthetho Wezikweletu Kazwelonke, yiziphi izikhathi zokulondoloza okufanele uhlangabezane nazo, nokuthi ungazakha kanjani izinhlelo ezenza ukuthobela umthetho kube umphumela wemvelo wemisebenzi emihle kunokuba umthwalo osebenzayo. Ukuthola umbono obanzi wezibopho zokuthobela i-NCA, bheka umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthotshelwa koMthetho Wezikweletu Kazwelonke yethu.
Okudingwa yi-NCA
Umthetho Kazwelonke Wezikweletu ugunyaza ukuthi abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabeluleki bezikweletu bagcine amarekhodi anele azo zonke izivumelwano zezikweletu, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokuxhumana okuhlobene. Isigaba sama-61 sisungula izibopho zokugcina amarekhodi ezisebenza kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yesikweletu, kusukela ekuhloleni ukukwazi ukukhokhela izindleko kwasekuqaleni ngokuphathwa kwe-akhawunti okuqhubekayo kanye nezinqubo zokwelulekwa ngezikweletu. Lezi zibopho azikho ozikhethela zona, futhi uMlawuli Kazwelonke Wezikweletu ulindele ukubona amarekhodi aphelele, afinyelelekayo ngesikhathi socwaningomabhuku.
Umthetho udinga ukuthi amarekhodi agcinwe ngendlela evumela ukuthi alandwe futhi aqinisekiswe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amarekhodi kufanele ahlelwe, asesheke, futhi aphelele ngokwanele ukuze umcwaningi mabhuku noma umlawuli aqonde ukuthi kwenzekeni, kwenzeka nini, nokuthi kungani izinqumo ezithile zenziwe. Amarekhodi angacacile noma angaphelele adala ingozi yokuthobela imithetho ngoba ayehluleka ukukhombisa ukuthi izinqubo ezifanele zalandelwa. I-NCR ilindele ukubona indlela yokusebenza engashintshi, imibhalo efanele, ukulandeleka kwemiphumela, kanye nezizathu ezicacile zazo zonke izinqumo zekhredithi.
Kubanikeli bezikweletu, izibopho zokugcina amarekhodi zidlulela kuzo zonke izici zobudlelwano bezikweletu. Ukuhlolwa kokukwazi ukukhokhela kufanele kubhalwe phansi, kubonise ukuthi iyiphi idatha ecatshangelwe, ukuthi izibalo zenziwe kanjani, nokuthi kungani umhlinzeki ephethe ngokuthi ikhredithi yayithengeka noma ayikwazi ukuthengeka. Izivumelwano zekhredithi kufanele zigcinwe nawo wonke amadokhumenti asekelayo, okuhlanganisa nezitatimende zangaphambi kwesivumelwano, amakhotheshini, namadokhumenti okudalula. Amarekhodi okuphatha ama-akhawunti aqhubekayo kufanele abonise umlando wokukhokha, ukuxhumana nabathengi, nanoma yiziphi izinguquko emigomeni noma ezimweni.
Kubeluleki bezikweletu, izidingo zokugcinwa kwamarekhodi zibanzi ngokufanayo. Ifayela ngalinye lamacala kufanele liqukathe ukuhlola kokuqala kokuba nezikweletu ngokweqile, imibiko ye-credit bureau esetshenzisiwe, ukubalwa kwezilinganiso zezikweletu neholo, iziphakamiso ezithunyelwa kubanikezeli bezikweletu, izimpendulo ezitholiwe, kanye nezivumelwano zokugcina okufinyelelwe kuzo. Ifayela kufanele lixoxe indaba ephelele: ukuthi umeluleki usihlole kanjani isimo, yini ayincomayo, nokuthi udaba lwaxazululwa kanjani. Amadokhumenti angaphelele noma angahambisani adala ingozi yokuthobela imithetho futhi angaholela esenzweni sokulawula.
I-NCA ayinikezi ifomethi ethile yamarekhodi, kodwa idinga ukuthi amarekhodi aphelele futhi afundeke. Amarekhodi edijithali ayamukeleka futhi aya ngokuya elindelwe, kodwa kufanele avikelwe ekulahlekelweni, ekuphazanyisweni, kanye nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Imfuneko eyinhloko ukuthi amarekhodi angabuyiswa futhi aqinisekiswe lapho edingeka - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi awokuhlolwa kwamabhuku okuvamile, izikhalazo zabathengi, noma uphenyo lokulawula. Amasistimu enza amarekhodi abe phakathi, anikeze ukufinyelela okuseshekayo, futhi agcine izindlela zokucwaninga eziphelele asekela le mfuneko ngempumelelo kunamafayela ahlakazekile noma amasistimu okufaka mathupha.
Izikhathi Zokugcina Ezithize
Umthetho Kazwelonke Wezikweletu kanye nemithethonqubo ehlobene icacisa izikhathi zokugcinwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamarekhodi esikweletu. Lezi zikhathi azinangqondo - zibonisa isidingo sokugcina amarekhodi isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze kusekelwe ukwengamela okulawulwayo, ukuvikela ezikhalweni, nokufeza izibopho zomthetho kuyilapho kulinganisa izimfuneko zokuvikela idatha ngaphansi kwe-POPIA.
I-Credit Bureau Regulations (Regulation 19) icacisa ubuNCAne bezikhathi zokugcinwa kwedatha ye-credit bureau. Idatha yophenyo - amarekhodi okuthi imibiko yezikweletu yakhishwa nini - kufanele agcinwe okungenani unyaka owodwa. Ulwazi lwephrofayela yokukhokha — idatha emayelana nokuziphatha kokukhokha nokusebenza kwe-akhawunti — kufanele igcinwe okungenani iminyaka emihlanu. Lezi yizikhathi ezincane, futhi ochwepheshe bezikweletu bangadinga ukugcina idatha isikhathi eside ukuze bahlangabezane nezinye izibopho noma bavikele ezikhalweni ezingaba khona noma izinyathelo zomthetho.
Izivumelwano zekhredithi namadokhumenti asekelayo ngokuvamile agcinwa impilo yonke yesivumelwano kanye nesikhathi ngemva kokukhokha. Isikhathi esiqondile sincike ohlotsheni lwesivumelwano kanye nezimangalo ezingokomthetho ezingaba khona, kodwa amafemu amaningi agcina lawa marekhodi okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuba isivumelwano siqediwe noma sinqanyuliwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi ayatholakala uma kuphakama izingxabano noma uma abalawuli bephenya izinqubo zomlando. Ezivumelwaneni ezingase zibe ngaphansi kwe-izinsolo zokuboleka budedengu, ukugcinwa isikhathi eside kungase kube ubuhlakani.
Amarekhodi okuhlola ukukwazi ukukhokhela kufanele agcinwe ngesikhathi esifanayo nezivumelwano zezikweletu abezisekelile. Uma isivumelwano sigcinwa iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokukhokha, ukuhlaziya okuholele kuleso sivumelwano kufanele nakho kugcinwe isikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kudala irekhodi eliphelele elibonisa ukuthi iyiphi idatha ecatshangelwe, ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kungani umhlinzeki ephethe ngokuthi isikweletu siyathengeka. Ngaphandle kwamarekhodi okuhlola, kuba nzima ukuvikela izinqumo ezathathwa eminyakeni edlule.
Amadokhumenti okululekwa ngezikweletu anezidingo zawo zokugcina. Izicelo zeFomu 17.2, iziphakamiso ezithunyelwa kubanikezeli bezikweletu, imiyalelo yenkantolo, kanye nezincwadi ezihlobene nazo kufanele zigcinwe okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuvalwa kwecala. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi abeluleki bezikweletu bangabonisa ukuthi izinqubo ezifanele zalandelwa, ukuthi iziphakamiso bezinengqondo, nokuthi izivumelwano zafinyelelwa ngendlela efanele. I-NCR ilindele ukubona amafayela amacala aphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamabhuku, kanti imibhalo engekho kudala ingozi yokuthobela umthetho.
Umthetho Wokuvikela Ulwazi Lomuntu Siqu udala ukungezwani ngalezi zidingo zokugcinwa. I-POPIA idinga ukuthi imininingwane yomuntu siqu ingagcinwa isikhathi eside kunesidingo ngenjongo eqoqwe ngayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ochwepheshe bezikweletu abakwazi ukugcina idatha unomphela ngoba ingase ibe usizo — kufanele balinganisele izidingo zokugcinwa kwe-NCA nomgomo wokukhawulela we-POPIA. Isixazululo ukusungula izinqubomgomo ezicacile zokugcina ezicacisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zedatha zizogcinwa isikhathi esingakanani, ukuthi idatha izosuswa nini, nokuthi yikuphi okuhlukile okusebenzayo. Lezi zinqubomgomo kufanele zibhalwe phansi, zidluliselwe kubasebenzi, futhi zisetshenziswe ngendlela ehlelekile.
Yimaphi Amarekhodi Okufanele Agcinwe
Abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabeluleki bezikweletu kufanele bagcine amarekhodi aphelele abhala yonke into ebalulekile yobudlelwano bezikweletu kanye nokuhlola. Amarekhodi athile adingekayo ancike endimeni kanye nohlobo lomsebenzi, kodwa izigaba ezithile zisebenza emhlabeni wonke. Ukuqonda okufanele kugcinwe kusiza amafemu ukuthi abone izikhala emikhubeni yawo yamanje yokugcina amarekhodi futhi akhe izinhlelo eziqinisekisa ukuphelela.
Imibiko ye-credit bureau edonswayo ukuze ihlolwe ingamarekhodi ayisisekelo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma umbiko ucelwa kwa-Experian, Datanamix, TransUnion, noma enye i-bureau, lokho kudonsa kufanele kurekhodwe ngesitembu sesikhathi futhi kufakwe ku-opharetha othile. Umbiko ngokwawo kufanele ulondolozwe njengoba wawukhona ngesikhathi sokudonsa, hhayi esikhundleni senguqulo yakamuva. Lokhu kudala irekhodi lomlando lokuthi iyiphi idatha eyayitholakala lapho kuhlolwa, okubalulekile lapho kuvikela izinqumo ezenziwe izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphambili. I-LINK_0_ kufanele ibonise ukuthi yimiphi imibiko ekhishiwe, ukuthi idonswe nini, yakhishwa ubani, nokuthi isiphi isicelo noma icala.
Izibalo zokuhlola ukukwazi ukuzikhokhela kufanele zibhalwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izibalo zemali engenayo esetshenzisiwe, ukuthi ziqinisekiswe kanjani, izibopho ezikhona zezikweletu ezikhonjiwe, izilinganiso zezindleko ezisetshenzisiwe, kanye nezilinganiso zesikweletu semali engenayo zibaliwe. Uma kusetshenziswe amamodeli wangaphakathi wamaphuzu noma imithetho yezinqumo, leyo kufanele ibhalwe futhi. Izibalo kufanele zenziwe kabusha - umcwaningi mabhuku kufanele akwazi ukulandela indlela yokusebenza futhi afinyelele izinombolo ezifanayo. Lokhu kubeka izinto ngale kusekela kokubili ukuthobela kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kwangaphakathi.
Imibhalo yezinqumo kufanele ichaze ukuthi kungani kufinyelelwe kumiphumela ethile. Ukuthi isicelo sivunyiwe, sinqatshiwe, noma sidluliselwe, isizathu kufanele sibhalwe futhi sihlanganiswe nombiko othile wehhovisi kanye nezibalo ezisetshenzisiwe. Izitatimende ezijwayelekile njengokuthi “umthengi uhlangabezana nemibandela” azanele. Isizathu kufanele sichaze ukuthi yiziphi izici ezacatshangelwa, ukuthi zalinganiswa kanjani, nokuthi kungani kwafinyelelwa umphumela othile. Uma ikhredithi inikezwe naphezu kokukhathazeka, noma uma inqatshiwe naphezu kwezici ezithile ezinhle, lokho kucabanga kufanele kube sobala.
Izivumelwano zezikweletu namadokhumenti asekelayo kwakha esinye isigaba esibalulekile. Izitatimende zesivumelwano sangaphambi kwesivumelwano, amakhotheshini, imibhalo yokudalula, izivumelwano ezisayiniwe, nanoma yiziphi izichibiyelo noma ukwehluka kufanele kugcinwe. Lawa madokhumenti akhombisa ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olunikezwe abathengi, yimiphi imigomo okwavunyelwana ngayo, nokuthi ubudlelwano bakhiwe kanjani. Uma kuphakama izingxabano mayelana nemigomo, izindleko, noma ukudalulwa, lawa marekhodi abalulekile ekuboniseni ukuthobelana.
Ukuxhumana nabathengi kufanele kugcinwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amafomu ezicelo, ama-imeyili, izincwadi, amanothi ocingo, kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukuxhumana okuhlobene nobudlelwano bezikweletu noma ukuhlola. Lawa marekhodi asiza ukukhombisa ukuthi abathengi bazisiwe mayelana nezinqumo, ukuthi imibuzo yabo yaphendulwa, nokuthi ukuxhumana okufanele kwenzeke. Uma kuphakama izikhalo, amarekhodi ezincwadi asiza ukukhombisa ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olwabiwe futhi nini.
Kubeluleki bezikweletu, kudingeka imibhalo eyengeziwe. Izicelo zeFomu 17.2 kufanele zigcinwe, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqala kokungena ezikweletini ngokweqile, imibiko ye-credit bureau esetshenziswe kulokho kuhlola, ukubalwa kwezilinganiso zezikweletu neholo, iziphakamiso ezithunyelwa kubanikezeli bezikweletu, izimpendulo ezitholwa kubahlinzeki, imiyalelo yenkantolo, nezivumelwano zokugcina. Ifayela lecala kumele lixoxe indaba ephelele: ukuthi umeluleki usihlole kanjani isimo, lokho akuncomile, ukuthi abahlinzeki baphendule kanjani, nokuthi udaba lwaxazululwa kanjani. Amafayela angaphelele adala ingozi yokuthobela imithetho.
Ukuxhumana nabanikezeli bezikweletu nakho kubalulekile kubaluleki bezikweletu. Lapho iziphakamiso zithunyelwa, izimpendulo zamukelwe, izingxoxo ezenziwa, noma izivumelwano ezifinyelelwe, lokhu kuxhumana kufanele kubhalwe phansi futhi kugcinwe. I-NCR ilindele ukubona ubufakazi bokuthi abeluleki ngezikweletu baxhumane ngempumelelo nabahlinzeki, banikeze ulwazi oludingekayo, futhi baphendule imibuzo ngokushesha. Ukuxhumana okungalungile kungabambezela izinqumo futhi kudale nezizathu zezikhalazo.
Ifomethi kanye nokufinyeleleka
UMthetho Kazwelonke Wezikweletu udinga ukuthi amarekhodi agcinwe ngendlela evumela ukutholwa nokuqinisekiswa, kodwa awusho uhlobo oluthile. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela amafemu ukuthi akhethe izindlela zokugcina ezifanelana nokusebenza kwawo, kodwa futhi kudala isibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi izindlela ezikhethiwe zihlangabezana nezidingo ezibalulekile: amarekhodi kufanele aphelele, afundeke, afinyeleleke, futhi avikeleke.
Amarekhodi edijithali ayamukeleka futhi aya ngokuya elindelwe. I-NCR iyabona ukuthi imisebenzi yesimanje yezikweletu incike ezinhlelweni zedijithali, futhi ukugcinwa kwedijithali empeleni kungathuthukisa ukufinyeleleka nokuvikeleka uma kwenziwa ngendlela efanele. Kodwa-ke, amarekhodi edijithali kufanele avikelwe ekulahlekelweni, ekuphazanyisweni, nasekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa ukubethela lapho uphumule, izilawuli zokufinyelela, amasistimu ekhophi yasenqolobaneni, namalogi okucwaninga alandelela ukuthi ubani ofinyelele yiluphi ulwazi futhi nini.
Amarekhodi kufanele abuyiswe uma kudingeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlelo zokugcina kufanele zisekele amakhono okusesha nokuhlunga avumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathole amarekhodi athile ngokushesha. Uma kumenyezelwa ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku noma kuvela isikhalazo somthengi, amafemu kufanele akwazi ukukhiqiza amarekhodi afanele ngaphandle kwezinsuku zokuseshwa ngesandla. Amasistimu enza amarekhodi abe phakathi, anikeze ukufinyelela okuseshekayo, kanye nezixhumanisi zemibhalo ehlobene zisekela le mfuneko ngempumelelo kunamafayela ahlakazekile noma amasistimu okufaka mathupha.
Amarekhodi kumele aqinisekiswe, okusho ukuthi abacwaningi mabhuku kumele bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi ayiqiniso, aphelele, futhi ahambisana nesikhathi. Amanothi abhalwe emasontweni noma izinyanga ngemva kokwenziwa kwesinqumo awathembekile kunemibhalo eyakhiwe ngaleso sikhathi. Amasistimu edijithali agxiviza izenzo zesikhathi, azibalulele kuma-opharetha athile, futhi avimbele ukuguqulwa kwe-retroactive adala ukuqinisekiswa okunamandla kunamarekhodi angashintshwa noma ahlehliswe.
Ifomethi kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi amarekhodi ahlala efundeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amarekhodi edijithali agcinwe ngamafomethi ajwayelekile njenge-PDF, amafomethi edatha ahlelekile, noma amarekhodi esizindalwazi ngokuvamile ahlangabezana nale mfuneko, kodwa amafemu kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi amasistimu okugcina ahlala efinyeleleka njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka. Amafomethi obunikazi adinga isofthiwe ethile angase angafinyeleleki uma leyo softhiwe iyekwa, okudala ubungozi besikhathi eside.
Izilawuli zokufinyelela zibalulekile kukho kokubili ukuphepha nokuhambisana. Akuwona wonke umsebenzi odinga ukufinyelela kuwo wonke amarekhodi, futhi izilawuli zokufinyelela ezisekelwe endimeni ziqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olubucayi lufinyeleleka kuphela kulabo abaludinga emisebenzini yabo. Lokhu kusekela kokubili Ukuhambisana ne-POPIA okulindelwe yi-NCR ekuphatheni idatha efanele. Ukufinyelela kufanele kufakwe njengengxenye yendlela yokucwaninga, ebonisa ukuthi ubani ofinyelele yiluphi ulwazi futhi nini.
Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni kanye nezinhlelo zokutakula izinhlekelele ziqinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi awalahleki ngenxa yokuhluleka kwesistimu, izinhlekelele zemvelo, noma ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi. I-NCA ayikuthetheleli ukwehluleka kokugcinwa kwamarekhodi ngenxa yezinkinga zobuchwepheshe - amafemu anomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi ayagcinwa ngisho nalapho amasistimu ayisisekelo ehluleka. Izipele ezivamile, izinqubo zokuthola kabusha ezihloliwe, kanye nesitoreji esivikelekile esingekho endaweni kusekela le mfuneko.
Inkinga Ngamarekhodi Ahlakazekile
Amafemu amaningi ezikweletu adonsa kanzima ekugcineni amarekhodi ngoba amarekhodi asakazwa kuzo zonke izinhlelo eziningi, agcinwe ngokungahambisani, noma aphathwe ngezinqubo zesikhashana. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kudala ingozi enkulu yokuthobela imithetho kanye nokungasebenzi kahle. Ukuqonda lapho kuvela khona lezi zinkinga kusiza amafemu ukuthi abone okufanele ashintshe.
Imibiko ye-PDF elandiwe kumadrayivu abiwayo idala inkinga yokuqala: asikho isixhumanisi esizenzakalelayo phakathi kombiko nohlelo oluwazisiwe. Lapho isikhulu sezikweletu sikhipha umbiko kuphothali ye-bureau, siwulanda njenge-PDF, futhi siwugcina kufolda, isistimu ayazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlobene nalo mbiko. Kamuva, lapho kudingeka imibhalo yocwaningomabhuku noma isikhalazo, abasebenzi kufanele baseshe amafolda, bafanise amagama wamafayela nezinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi banethemba lokuthi inguqulo yombiko efanele isatholakala. Le nqubo ithanda amaphutha futhi idla isikhathi, futhi idala izikhala kumzila wocwaningo.
Ama-imeyili asebhokisini lokungenayo ngalinye adala elinye igebe. Lapho abahloli benza izinqumo futhi bexhumana nazo ngezintambo ze-imeyili, lezo zinqumo azixhunywanga nemibiko yehhovisi noma izibalo ezibazisile. Isinqumo sikhona ohlelweni olulodwa, umbiko ukhona kwenye, futhi ukuxhumana kufanele kwakhiwe kabusha ngesandla. Imicu ye-imeyili ingasuswa, idluliselwe ngokungalungile, noma ilahleke ngokuphelele, okwenza kungenzeki ukukhombisa ukuthi yisiphi isinqumo esenziwe nokuthi kungani. Uma abasebenzi beshiya inhlangano, ama-akhawunti abo e-imeyili angase asuswe, kuthathwe ulwazi lwesikhungo kanye nabo.
Amanothi kuma-spreadsheet adala izinkinga ezifanayo. Uma izibalo zokuhlola noma amanothi ezinqumo egcinwa kumafayela e-Excel noma ku-Google AmaSpredishithi, akhona ngokuhlukene nemibiko yehhovisi namarekhodi ezicelo. Isixhumanisi phakathi kwedatha, izibalo, nezinqumo kufanele sigcinwe mathupha, futhi ngokuvamile siyaphuka. Amaspredishithi angashintshwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanothi enziwa nini noma abonisa ukucabanga okufanayo. Ukulawulwa kwenguqulo akulungile, futhi izinguqulo eziningi zingase zibe khona ngaphandle kwenkomba ecacile yokuthi iziphi ezinegunya.
Izinqumo ezikhulunywa ngomlomo zidala igebe elibi kakhulu. Lapho abahloli benza izinqumo emihlanganweni noma izingcingo ngaphandle kokuzibhala kahle, alikho irekhodi lalokho okunqunyiwe noma kungani. Kamuva, lapho imibhalo idingeka, abasebenzi kufanele bathembele enkumbulweni noma bakhe kabusha izinqumo ezisekelwe olwazini olungaphelele. Lokhu kudala ubungozi bokuthotshelwa kwemithetho ngoba abacwaningi mabhuku abakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo ezifanele zilandelwe noma ukuthi izinqumo bezifanelekile.
Uma amarekhodi esakazwa kuwo wonke amasistimu nakubantu, ukubuyiswa kuhamba kaNCAne, ukuphelela akuqiniseki, futhi ukulungela ukuhlolwa kuphansi. Ukushintshwa kwabasebenzi kuhlanganisa inkinga - lapho umuntu obalulekile ehamba, ulwazi lwesikhungo luhamba nabo. Amafayela angase abe khona kuma-akhawunti abo e-imeyili, kumakhompyutha aphathekayo, noma enkumbulweni yawo. Inhlangano ilahlekelwa ikhono lokwakha kabusha okwenzekile, idale ukuthobelana okubalulekile nobungozi bokusebenza.
Izindleko zalokhu kuhlukaniswa ziba sobala lapho kucwaningwa kwamabhuku noma kuphakama izikhalazo. Abasebenzi bachitha izinsuku befuna amasistimu amaningi, beqhathanisa imibhalo nezicelo, bethola amanothi ezinqumo, futhi behlanganisa okwenzekile. Le ndlela yokusabela ikhulisa ukucindezeleka, idla isikhathi esibalulekile nezinsiza, futhi ngokuvamile iyehluleka ukukhiqiza amarekhodi aphelele. Ngisho noma amarekhodi egcina eqoqwe, izikhala nokungahambisani kungase kuhlale, okudala ingozi eqhubekayo yokuthobela imithetho.
Ukwakha Uhlelo Lokugcina Amarekhodi Olusebenzayo
Isixazululo samarekhodi ahlakazekile ukwakha ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi ohlelweni lokuhlola ngokwalo, hhayi ukukuthatha njengomsebenzi wokuphatha ohlukile. Lapho yonke i-bureau idonsa, sonke isibalo, kanye nesinqumo ngasinye siqoshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ohlelweni olumaphakathi, amarekhodi aba umphumela wemvelo wokusebenza kunokuba umthwalo odinga umzamo owengeziwe.
Isitoreji esimaphakathi esixhunywe ekuhloleni nasezinqumweni sakha isisekelo. Konke ukudonsa kwehhovisi kufanele kugcinwe ohlelweni olufanayo lapho ukuhlolwa kwenziwa khona futhi nezinqumo zirekhodwa. Lokhu kudala izixhumanisi ezizenzakalelayo phakathi kwedatha, izibalo, nemiphumela. Uma umcwaningi mabhuku ecela ukubona ukuhlolwa kwesicelo esithile, ifayela eliphelele litholakala endaweni eyodwa: umbiko wehhovisi, izibalo, isisekelo sesinqumo, nawo wonke amadokhumenti ahlobene. Asikho isidingo sokusesha amasistimu amaningi noma ukwakha kabusha ukuxhumana ngesandla.
Isitembu sesikhathi esizenzakalelayo siqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izenzo zirekhodwa ngesikhathi senzeka. Uma umbiko wehhovisi ukhishwa, isistimu irekhoda isitembu sesikhathi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma ukuhlola sekuqediwe, isistimu irekhoda uma isiqediwe. Uma isinqumo senziwe, isistimu irekhoda ukuthi iphothulwe nini. Lokhu kudala irekhodi lokulandelana kwezenzakalo elibonisa ukulandelana kwezenzakalo, okubalulekile ekuboniseni ukuthi izinqubo ezifanele zalandelwa nokuthi izinqumo zenziwa ngokusekelwe kudatha etholakalayo.
Ukulawulwa kwenguqulo kuvimbela amarekhodi ukuthi angalahleki noma abhalwe phezu kwawo. Lapho imibiko yehhovisi ibuyekezwa noma lapho amanothi okuhlola ebuyekezwa, isistimu igcina izinguqulo zomlando. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi abacwaningi bamabhuku bangabona ukuthi iyiphi idatha eyayitholakala ngesikhathi kwenziwa izinqumo, ngisho noma leyo datha isishintshile. Ukulawulwa kwenguqulo kuphinde kuvimbele ukususwa noma ukuguqulwa ngephutha, kudala ukuqinisekiswa okunamandla kunezinhlelo lapho amarekhodi angashintshwa khona ngokuqhubekayo.
Amakhono okusesha nawokubuyisa avumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathole amarekhodi athile ngokushesha. Uma kumenyezelwa ukuhlolwa kwamabhuku noma kuphakama isikhalazo somthengi, amafemu angakwazi ukusesha ngenombolo yesicelo, igama lomthengi, ibanga ledethi, noma ezinye izindlela zokuthola amarekhodi afanele ngokushesha. Lokhu kuqeda izinsuku zokusesha mathupha okubonisa izindlela ezisebenzayo zokugcina amarekhodi. Amakhono okusesha kufanele adlule kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamarekhodi: imibiko yehhovisi, ukuhlola, izinqumo, izivumelwano, kanye nezincwadi.
Le ndlela yokufundisa ayiphathelene nokwenza amaphepha amaningi - imayelana nokwenza amarekhodi abe umphumela wemvelo wenqubo yokuhlola. Lapho abahloli bedonsa imibiko yehhovisi ngohlelo olugcina ngokuzenzakalelayo, lapho benza izibalo kuleyo sistimu efanayo, futhi lapho berekhoda izinqumo kulolo hlelo, amarekhodi akhona ngaphandle kokudinga umsebenzi wokuphatha ohlukile. Ukuthobelana kuba umsebenzi esikhundleni sokuphatha, kunciphisa kokubili umzamo nobungozi.
Inzuzo engokoqobo ukunciphisa ingcindezi kanye nokulungela ukucwaninga okuthuthukisiwe. Lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo, amafemu angakhiqiza amarekhodi ahambisanayo ngokushesha esikhundleni sokukrwaqula ukuze ahlanganise amafayela. Uma kuphakama izikhalazo, zingabonisa kahle ukuthi iyiphi idatha ecatshangelwe nokuthi izinqumo zifinyelelwe kanjani. Uma izinqubomgomo zishintsha, zingabuyekeza izinqubo ngendlela ehlelekile kunokuba nethemba lokuthi wonke umuntu uyazikhumbula izidingo ezintsha. Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi kuba wumkhiqizo wemisebenzi emihle kunokuba kube umthwalo ohlukile.
Impambanondlela ene-POPIA
Umthetho Wokuvikela Ulwazi Lomuntu Siqu udala ukungezwani nezimfuneko zokugcina amarekhodi e-NCA. I-POPIA idinga ukuthi imininingwane yomuntu siqu ingagcinwa isikhathi eside kunesidingo ngenjongo eyaqoqwa ngayo, kuyilapho i-NCA kanye ne-Credit Bureau Regulations icacisa ubuncane bezikhathi zokugcinwa. Ochwepheshe bezikweletu kufanele balinganisele lezi zidingo: ukugcina idatha isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze ihlangabezane nezibopho zokulawula kuyilapho ingagcini isikhathi eside kunesidingo.
Isixazululo ukusungula izinqubomgomo ezicacile zokugcina ezicacisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zedatha zizogcinwa isikhathi esingakanani, ukuthi idatha izosuswa nini, nokuthi yikuphi okuhlukile okusebenzayo. Lezi zinqubomgomo kufanele zibhalwe phansi, zidluliselwe kubasebenzi, futhi zisetshenziswe ngendlela ehlelekile. Izikhathi zokugcina kufanele zihambisane nezidingo zomthetho: Imithetho Yehhovisi Lezikweletu icacisa izikhathi eziNCAne zedatha yehhovisi, izimfuneko ze-NCA zicacisa izikhathi zezivumelwano nokuhlola, futhi i-POPIA idinga ukuthi idatha ingagcinwa isikhathi eside kunesidingo.
Ngemininingwane yophenyo ye-credit bureau, i-Credit Bureau Regulations idinga ukugcinwa okungenani unyaka owodwa. Ukuze uthole ulwazi lwephrofayela yokukhokha, ukugcinwa kuyadingeka okungenani iminyaka emihlanu. Izivumelwano zesikweleti kanye nokuhlola okusekelayo kufanele kugcinwe impilo yonke yesivumelwano kanye nesikhathi ngemva kokukhokha - ngokuvamile iminyaka emihlanu - ukuze kusekelwe izingxabano ezingaba khona noma uphenyo lokulawula. Amadokhumenti okululekwa ngezikweletu kufanele agcinwe okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuvalwa kwecala.
Nokho, ukugcina idatha kwephula unomphela imfuneko ye-POPIA yokuthi idatha ingagcinwa isikhathi eside kunesidingo. Uma izikhathi zokugcinwa seziphelelwe yisikhathi futhi asikho isidingo esiqhubekayo somthetho noma sokulawula sokugcina idatha, kufanele isuswe ngokuphephile. Lokhu kudinga amasistimu angakwazi ukuhlonza idatha ephelelwe yisikhathi, iyihlabe umkhosi ukuze isuswe, futhi iyisuse ngokuphephile kuwo wonke amasistimu okuhlanganisa nezipele. Izinqubo zokususa mathupha zivame ukuba namaphutha futhi ngokuvamile ziholela ekususweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ekugcinweni okungapheli.
Bhala inqubomgomo yakho yokugcinwa ngokucacile. Inqubomgomo kufanele icacise izikhathi zokugcinwa kohlobo ngalunye lwerekhodi, isizathu salezo zikhathi, okuhlukile okungase kusebenze, nezinqubo zokususwa okuphephile. Lawa madokhumenti asiza ukubonisa kubalawuli ukuthi uzicabangele izimfuneko ze-POPIA futhi usebenzise indlela evikelekile yokugcinwa kwedatha. Uma Isilawuli Solwazi sibuza mayelana nezinqubo zokugcinwa, ungabonisa ukuthi unenqubomgomo ecacile nokuthi iyalandelwa.
Ukuphambana kwezibopho ze-NCA ne-POPIA kusho ukuthi ochwepheshe bezikweletu abakwazi ukumane bagcine yonke idatha unomphela “uma kwenzeka” - kufanele babe nezinqubomgomo zokugcina ezivikelekayo ezilinganisela izimfuneko zokulawula nezimiso zokuvikela idatha. Amasistimu aphatha ngokuzenzakalelayo izikhathi zokugcinwa, ahlabe umkhosi idatha ephelelwe yisikhathi ukuze asuswe, futhi agcine amalogi okucwaninga emisebenzi yokususwa asekela le bhalansi ngempumelelo kakhulu kunezinqubo ezenziwa mathupha ezincike ekutheni abasebenzi bakhumbule ukuthi bayisusa nini idatha.
Ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela onemininingwane eminingi ku-Ukuthobela kwe-POPIA lapho uphatha idatha yekhredithi, okuhlanganisa izimfuneko zokuphepha, izivumelwano zokucubungula idatha, nemithetho yokudlulisa imingcele, bona umhlahlandlela wethu ophelele.
Yenza Ukugcinwa Kwakho Kwerekhodi kube Lula
UMthetho Kazwelonke Wezikweletu udinga abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabeluleki bezikweletu ukuthi bagcine amarekhodi anele azo zonke izivumelwano zezikweletu, ukuhlaziya, kanye nokuxhumana okuhlobene. Lawa marekhodi kumele agcinwe ngendlela evumela ukuthi alandwe futhi aqinisekiswe, futhi kufanele agcinwe isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Nokho amafemu amaningi akuthola kunzima ukuhlangabezana nalezi zibopho ngenxa yokuthi amarekhodi ahlakazeka kuzo zonke izinhlelo, agcinwe ngokungahambisani, noma alahleke ngokuphelele lapho abasebenzi behamba noma amasistimu eshintsha.
Ukwakha ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi kube yinqubo yakho yokuhlola kuguqula ukuthobelana nomthwalo osebenzayo kube umphumela wemvelo wemisebenzi emihle. Lapho yonke i-bureau idonsa, sonke isibalo, kanye nesinqumo ngasinye siqoshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ohlelweni oluphakathi nendawo, amarekhodi aba umkhiqizo ophumayo wokusebenza kunokuba umsebenzi wokuphatha ohlukile. Le ndlela ehlelekile inciphisa umzamo, iqede izikhala, futhi ikhiqize amarekhodi alungele umlawuli asekela kokubili ukuthobela kanye nokwenza izinqumo ezivikelekayo.
Xhumana ukubhukha idemo futhi ubone ukuthi amarekhodi abekwe endaweni eyodwa, aseshekayo kanye namadokhumenti azenzakalelayo azisekela kanjani izibopho zakho zokugcina amarekhodi e-NCA.