Amanqaku okuthenga ngetyala eMzantsi Afrika

Amanqaku okuthenga ngetyala aligalelo eliqhelekileyo kubacebisi ngamatyala, abathengisi bamatyala, kunye nababoneleli ngetyala eMzantsi Afrika—kodwa akamiselwanga mgangathweni. I-bureau nganye ibala amanqaku ayo isebenzisa imifuziselo yobunini, kwaye umthengi ofanayo unokufumana amanqaku ahlukeneyo kwiiofisi ezahlukeneyo. Kubasebenzi bamatyala, oko kuthetha ukuba inqaku elinye elisuka kwiofisi enye ngumfanekiso ongaphelelanga. Ukuqonda ukuba amanqaku ekhredithi asebenza njani kuwo onke amaziko amakhulu aseMzantsi Afrika, yintoni eqhuba amanqaku, kunye nendlela angena ngayo ekufikeleleni nasekuthotyelweni kwe-NCA kunceda iingcali zisebenzise amanqaku ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ziphephe ukuthembela kakhulu kwinani elinye. Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela amanqaku enziwa ngayo, yintoni ebachaphazelayo, kutheni i-multi-bureau data ibalulekile, kunye nendlela uhlalutyo olucwangcisiweyo lujika iziphumo ezininzi ze-bureau zibe yimbono engaguqukiyo, enokuphicothwa.

Amanqaku etyala eMzantsi Afrika: Akukho mgangatho umnye

UMzantsi Afrika awunamanqaku alinganayo, akumgangatho wesizwe wetyala. I-National Credit Regulator yongamela amaziko okuthenga ngetyala abhalisiweyo, kodwa iziko ngalinye liphuhlisa kwaye ligcine imodeli yalo yamanqaku. I-Experian, TransUnion, Datanamix (kubandakanywa neCompuscan), kunye ne-XDS nganye ivelisa amanqaku omngcipheko okanye izikhombisi ezishwankathela ukufaneleka kwekhredithi-kodwa indlela, isikali, kunye negalelo liyahluka kwi-bureau ukuya kwi-bureau. Umthengi unokufumana amanqaku “alungileyo” kwelinye i-bureau kunye “ne-avareji” kwelinye ngenxa yokuba iimodeli kunye neeseti zedatha azifani. Kubasebenzi bekhredithi, intsingiselo icacile: awukwazi ukuphatha amanqaku avela kwi-bureau enye njengomlinganiselo ocacileyo womngcipheko, kwaye awukwazi ukuthelekisa amanqaku asuka kwi-Experian ngqo kwi-TransUnion.Umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemigaqo yesigqibo kufuneka yakhelwe malunga nedatha esisiseko-ukuvezwa, ukuziphatha kwentlawulo, uluhlu olubi-kwaye isetyenziswe ngokuqhubekayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba leliphi i-bureau enike ingxelo. Ukufumana umbono obanzi wokuba ahluke njani amaziko, bona eyethu Uthelekiso lweziko lamatyala eMzantsi Afrika.

Indlela Ezahlukeneyo I-Bureox Evelisa ngayo Amanqaku

Iziko ngalinye elingundoqo eMzantsi Afrika lisebenzisa imifuziselo yobunini ukwenza amanqaku etyala okanye izalathisi zomngcipheko. Iifomula ezichanekileyo azikho esidlangalaleni, kodwa indlela eqhelekileyo iyafana: idatha yekhredithi yembali kunye nekhoyo ngoku ifakwe kwimodeli ekhupha inani okanye ibhendi ejoliswe ukuqikelela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusilela okanye ezinye iziphumo ezibi.

Umphengululi

I-Experian ibonelela ngamanqaku okuthenga ngetyala kunye nezalathi zomngcipheko kwiingxelo zayo zaseMzantsi Afrika, isebenzisa idatha yorhwebelwano, imbali yentlawulo, ulwazi olubi, kunye neenkcukacha zophando ezisuka kuluhlu lwayo. Amanqaku abeka abathengi ngomngcipheko kodwa angqale kwidatha ye-Experian kunye nendlela yokusebenza kwaye ayibonisi idatha egcinwe kwamanye amaziko kuphela. Ngomxholo wengxelo kunye nohlalutyo, bona i-Ingxelo yamatyala anolwazi eMzantsi Afrika isikhokhelo sethu.

TransUnion

Amanqaku eTransUnion’s Empirica asetyenziswa kakhulu kwimalike yokubolekisa ngemali eMzantsi Afrika. Ithatyathwe kwidatha yeTransUnion kwaye isebenzisa isikali kunye nendlela yokusebenza eyahlukileyo kwi-Experian kunye namanye amaziko. Kufuneka isetyenziswe ecaleni kwedatha yengxelo esisiseko ukuze iifemu zisebenzise eyazo imithetho. Ngomxholo wengxelo kunye nokutolika, bona i-Ingxelo yetyala leTransUnion eMzantsi Afrika isikhokhelo sethu.

Datanamix kunye neCompuscan

I-Datanamix (kunye neCompuscan) inikezela ngezalathisi zomngcipheko kunye nezinto zamanqaku ezigxininisa ukufikeleleka kunye nedatha engenye ecaleni kwemigca yorhwebo yemveli, ehambelana nayo.Ukufikeleleka okuqhutywa ngabacebisi ngamatyala kunye nababolekisi abaninzi. Amanqaku angqale kwi-bureau kwaye akathelekisw ngqo ne-Experian okanye iTransUnion. Bona i-Uhlalutyo lwengxelo yetyala leDatanamix isikhokheli sethu.

XDS

I-XDS igxile ekubolekiseni ngemali encinci nakwintengo yemboleko yokuthengisa kwaye ibonelela ngeziphumo zomngcipheko kunye namanqaku alungiselelwe loo macandelo. Iimodeli zayo zisebenzisa idatha evela kubabolekisi abathatha inxaxheba kwezo marike. Ngomxholo we-XDS wengxelo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa, bona XDS ingxelo yetyala eMzantsi Afrika isikhokhelo sethu.

Zeziphi Izinto Eziphembelela Amanqaku Amatyala

Nangona imodeli ye-bureau nganye ibumnini, iindidi zamagalelo ziyahambelana ngokubanzi kulo lonke ushishino. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kunceda iingcali zekhredithi zitolike amanqaku kwaye zichaze iziphumo kubathengi kunye nabaphicothi-zincwadi.

Imbali yentlawulo

Imbali yentlawulo ngokuqhelekileyo yenye yezona zinto zinamandla zamanqaku ekhredithi. Ukuhlawulwa emva kwexesha, ukusilela, kunye nokusilela ukubonakalisa umngcipheko ophezulu. Iimodeli ze-Bureau zisebenzisa i-iikhowudi zeprofayili yentlawulo kunye neentambo zokuhlawula ukubamba ukuziphatha kwenyanga nenyanga-kangaphi umthengi ekhoyo ngoku, inyanga enye esemva, iinyanga ezimbini, njalo njalo. Amatyala athe gqolo okanye akutshanje adla ngokutsala amanqaku ezantsi; imbali yentlawulo ecocekileyo ixhasa amanqaku aphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba idatha yentlawulo inokwahluka phakathi kwe-bureaux (ayingabo bonke ababolekisi ababikayo kuwo onke ama-bureaux), imbali yokuhlawula yomthengi ofanayo inokubukeka yahlukile kwingxelo nganye, igalelo ekuhlukeni kwamanqaku.

Ukusetyenziswa kwetyala

Kumaziko ajikelezayo afana namakhadi evenkile kunye namakhadi okuthenga ngetyala, umlinganiselo webhalansi ukuya kumda (ukusetyenziswa) uhlala unefuthe kumanqaku. Ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu-ibhalansi ekufutshane okanye kumda-inokubonisa ubunzima kwaye inokunciphisa amanqaku. Ngasezantsiukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kudityaniswa nomngcipheko ophantsi. Kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kubalwa kwi-akhawunti nganye i-bureau ephetheyo, ngoko inokwahluka ngokwe-bureau.

Ubude bembali yetyala

Ubudala bee-akhawunti kunye nobude bembali yekhredithi inokuchaphazela amanqaku. Imbali ende, ezinzileyo inokuxhasa amanqaku aphezulu; iifayile ezibhityileyo zinokubangela amanqaku asezantsi okanye angachazwanga.

Iintlobo zekhredithi kunye nemibuzo yakutshanje

Umxube wetyala (elijikelezayo xa lithelekiswa nesavenge, elikhuselweyo vs elingakhuselekanga) inokuba ngumba wezinye iimodeli. Imibuzo “enzima” yakutsha nje evela kwizicelo zekhredithi inokuchaphazela amanqaku; idatha yophando igxile kwi-bureau. Uluhlu olubi (izigwebo, ukungagqibeki, imiyalelo yolawulo) ifakwe kumanqaku e-bureau-ubukho kunye nokuphindaphinda ngokuqhelekileyo kuyawanciphisa amanqaku. Ngenxa yokuba idatha engalunganga ayifani macala onke, amanqaku anokwahluka ngakumbi.

Uluhlu lwamanqaku kunye nokuba zithetha ukuthini

Uluhlu lwamanqaku okuthenga ngetyala eMzantsi Afrika alufani. I-bureau nganye isebenzisa isikali sayo kunye nebhendi.

I-Experian ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa isikali samanani (umzekelo 0–705 okanye efanayo, kuxhomekeke kwimveliso). **I-TransUnion ** isebenzisa isikali se-Empirica kunye noluhlu oluhlukeneyo kunye ne-banding-i-600 esuka kwi-TransUnion ayifani ne-600 evela kwi-Experian. I-Datanamix kunye neCompuscan basebenzisa izalathi zabo zomngcipheko kunye neebhendi. I-XDS isebenzisa izikali ezilungele ukuboleka imali encinci kunye nokuthengisa; ezi azinakuthelekiswa nezithathu ezinkulu.

Iingcali zamatyala kufuneka zisoloko zijonga ukuba yeyiphi na i-bureau evelise amanqaku kunye nesikali se-bureau. Umgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka ungqale ngokuthe ngqo kwiziko okanye, ngcono, usekwe kulwazi oluqhelekileyo olusisiseko—ukuvezwa, ukuziphatha kwentlawulo, uludwe olubi—ukuzeingqiqo yesigqibo esifanayo iyasebenza nokuba liliphi na i-bureau.

Kutheni iiNgcali zeTyala zingakwazi ukuKhoyama kwiBureau eNye yamanqaku

Idatha engaphelelanga: Ababolekisi abazixeli bonke kuwo onke amaziko. Amanqaku asuka kwelinye iziko abalwa kuphela kwidatha yelo bhunga; alubonakalisi oko abanye bakuphethe. Amanqaku “alungileyo” angahlala kunye nolwazi olubi kwelinye iziko.

Izikali ezingenakuthelekiseka: Amanqaku akwizikali ezahlukeneyo kwaye asuka kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo—awunakuwenza iavareji okanye ucinge ukuba inani elifanayo lithetha ingozi efanayo.

Izigqibo ezingangqinelaniyo: Umthengi omnye unokuphathwa ngokwahlukileyo ziifemu ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yokhetho lweziko. Kubacebisi ngamatyala, ulwakhiwo ngokutsha olusekwe kwiziko elinye lunokuphoswa zii-akhawunti kwaye lujongelwe phantsi.

Ukuthotyelwa: I-NCA kunye ne-NCR zilindele ulwazi olulungele injongo, nolwazi olubanzi. Umbono wamaziko amaninzi uxhasa uvavanyo olungcono lomngcipheko kunye nokukhusela kuphicotho. Iingcali zamatyala kufuneka zithathe naliphi na inqaku elinye njengegalelo elinye kwaye basebenzise iingxelo ze-bureau ezininzi apho kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ufikeleleko lungena njani, bona eyethu Isikhokelo sovavanyo lokufikeleleka.

Indlela Amanqaku anxulumana ngayo nokufikeleleka kunye nokuThobela iNCA

Amanqaku ekhredithi kunye nokuhlolwa kokufikeleleka kuhambelana kodwa kwahlukile. Amanqaku ashwankathela ukuziphatha kwetyala njengophawu lomngcipheko; Ukufikeleleka phantsi kweNCA kukuba ingaba umboleki angakwazi na ukuhlawula ikhredithi ecetywayo emva kwezibophelelo ezikhoyo. Amanqaku akalinganisi ngokuthe ngqo ukufikeleleka-umthengi unokuba namanqaku aphezulu kodwa abe netyala eligqithileyo, okanye amanqaku aphakathi anengeniso eyomeleleyo kunye nezibophelelo eziphantsi.

I-NCA ifuna iimvavanyo zokufikelelekakusetyenziswa ulwazi olwaneleyo, oluhlaziyiweyo-oluqhelekileyo lwedatha ye-bureau (ii-akhawunti, iibhalansi, izavenge, ukuziphatha kwentlawulo, uluhlu olubi) endaweni yamanqaku kuphela. Umlinganiselo wetyala-kwingeniso kunye nezinye iimetrics zokufikeleleka ziyahambelana, zisebenzisa idatha esisiseko efanayo ukuphendula “ngaba bangakwazi ukuyihlawula?” Inkqubo eyomeleleyo idibanisa idatha ye-bureau evela kwimithombo emininzi, isebenzisa imithetho engaguqukiyo, kwaye igcina umkhondo ocacileyo wophicotho.

Unyino lwamanqaku etyala

Amanqaku ajonge ngasemva (abonisa okwenzekileyo, hayi okuza kwenzeka), inokuba kudala (ukunika ingxelo okushiyekileyo kuthetha ukuba amanqaku asenokungabonakalisi ubume bamva nje), kwaye ungawufaki wonke umngcipheko (umvuzo, ingqesho, ubuqhophololo, okanye imiba yesazisi inokungabikho). Zikwahluka phakathi kwamaziko** kumthengi omnye. Le mida iqinisa ukusebenzisa amanqaku kumxholo: ecaleni kwedatha yengxelo ephantsi, kunye nembono ye-multi-bureau apho kunokwenzeka khona, kunye nemithetho ecacileyo engaxhomekeke kwi-bureau okanye inombolo enye.

Indlela eyakhiwe ngayo i-Multi-Bureau Data inika umfanekiso opheleleyo

Ukutsala kwii-ofisi ezininzi kuphucula ukugqibelela, kodwa ukuba ingxelo nganye ihlala i-PDF eyahlukileyo enezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, abahlalutyi kufuneka bafunde ifomathi nganye kwaye basebenzise imithetho ngesandla kwi-bureau-ukungahambelani kunye nokunyuka kwengozi yephutha.

Idatha eyakhiweyo ye-multi-bureau data idilesi oku: xa iingxelo ezivela kwi-Experian, TransUnion, Datanamix, okanye i-XDS zihlanjululwe kwi-schema eqhelekileyo, iingcamango ezifanayo-ukuvezwa, ukuziphatha kwentlawulo, uluhlu olubi, iindawo ezinxulumene nokufikeleleka-ziba zifaniswe. Imigaqo yezigqibo iyasebenza ngokungaguquguqukiyo nokuba leliphi na iziko. Amanqaku angaboniswa kwiumxholo (umzekelo “Experian 620, TransUnion Empirica 3”) ngaphandle kokwenza ngathi bayathelekiseka. Ixabiso lokwenyani liqhelekileyo elisisiseko sedatha, imithetho engaguqukiyo, kunye nomzila ocacileyo wophicotho-umfanekiso opheleleyo kunawo nawaphi na amanqaku.

Amanyathelo Alandelayo

Amanqaku okuthenga ngetyala eMzantsi Afrika angqalene ne-ofisi kwaye ayimiselwanga. Amanqaku aluncedo njengemiqondiso kodwa kufuneka asetyenziswe ecaleni kwedatha esisiseko kwaye, apho kunokwenzeka, kwiiofisi ezingaphezu kwesinye. Ukuqulunqa loo datha-ukuze ukuvezwa, ukuziphatha, kunye nolwazi olubi oluvela kwiiofisi ezininzi zithelekiseke kwaye ziqhutywe ngumgaqo-kuvumela iingcali zekhredithi zibone amanqaku kumxholo kwaye zenze izigqibo ezingaguqukiyo, ezikhuselekayo. Ukuba ungathanda ukubona ukuba ii-ofisi ezininzi zedatha zingakuxhasa njani ukuqhutywa komsebenzi wakho, dibana no ukubona amanqaku kumxholo kuwo wonke ama-bureau kunye nokwakha okungaguquguqukiyo, uhlolo oluhlolekayo.