I-Surplus Income Calculation | Isikhokelo sokufikeleleka
Inyathelo ngenyathelo lobalo lwengeniso yentsalela yovavanyo lokufikeleleka eMzantsi Afrika. Umzekelo osetyenzisiweyo kwiiRandi kubaniki-nkonzo yeentengo zemboleko, abarhwebi, kunye nabacebisi.
Ingeniso yentsalela sisiphumo esingundoqo salo naluphi na uvavanyo lokufikeleleka: sisixamali esishiyekileyo emva komvuzo wesambuku, ukutsalwa kwemali ngokomthetho, izibophelelo zetyala esele zikhona, kunye neendleko zokuphila ezifanelekileyo zibalwe. Kubaniki-nkonzo yeentengo zemboleko, abacebisi ngamatyala, kunye nabathengi bamatyala eMzantsi Afrika, ukufumana ilungelo lokubala ingeniso yentsalela kuqinisekisa ukuba umboleki anganikezela ngetyala elitsha okanye elihlengahlengisiweyo ngaphandle kokusilela. Nangona kunjalo iinkcazo zengeniso, iindleko zokuxhuzulwa, kunye nendlela yokuphatha izibophelelo esele zikhona ziyohluka kwiifemu kunye nakubo bonke abavavanyi, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingangqinelaniyo kunye nomngcipheko wokuthotyelwa phantsi koMthetho wamaTyala weSizwe (NCA). Eli nqaku licacisa ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ingeniso ye-surplus kumxholo wetyala loMzantsi Afrika, ukubala njani inyathelo ngenyathelo ngomzekelo osetyenzisiweyo kwiiRandi, kutheni iindlela ezenziwa ngezandla zisilela kwisikali, kwaye zidibana njani ukufikeleleka kovavanyo, i ityala-to-ingeniso ratio, kunye ukuba sematyaleni ngokugqithisileyo.
Ithetha ntoni iNgeniso yoMvuzo kuVavanyo lweTyala
Kuvavanyo lwetyala, ingeniso yentsalela sisixa senyanga esifumaneka kumthengi emva kokutsalwa kwemali okuyimfuneko kunye nezibophelelo ezikhoyo. Iphendula umbuzo: ingaba lo mboleki angabeka malini ngokwenyani kwimbuyekezo yetyala elitsha okanye kwizavenge ezihlengahlengisiweyo ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni iindleko ezibalulekileyo zokuphila okanye izibophelelo ezikhoyo?
Ingcamango ilula; ukwenziwa akunjalo. Umvuzo usenokuba nkulu okanye ushiyeke. Ukutsalwa kwemali kunokubandakanya kuphela izinto ezisemthethweni (PAYE, UIF, pension) okanye iseti ebanzi. Izibophelelo ezikhoyo kufuneka zigqibelele kwaye zangoku-ngokuqhelekileyo zitsalwa kwiingxelo ze-credit bureau ezivela kwi-Experian, Datanamix, okanye TransUnion. UkuphilaIindleko zinokubhengezwa ngumboleki, zithathwe kwiibenchmarks (ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa kuphononongo lwamatyala), okanye umxube. Ukhetho ngalunye luchaphazela inani lentsalela kwaye ngoko ke isiphelo malunga nokufikeleleka.
Kubaniki-nkonzo yeentengo zemboleko, ingeniso yentsalela sisilingi sesavenge esitsha: imbuyekezo ecetywayo kufuneka ilingane kwintsalela. Kubacebisi ngamatyala, sisidibaniso apho iintlawulo ezihlengahlengisiweyo zabiwa khona kubo bonke abatyalwayo. Kubathengi bamatyala, ikhokela isiqinisekiso sangaphambili ukuze kube ngabafaki-zicelo abanentsalela eyaneleyo abaqhubela phambili kubabolekisi. Kuzo zonke iimeko, ukubala kufuneka kuphindwe, kubhalwe, kwaye kuhambelane nokulindela kwe-NCA ukwenzela ukuba ikhonkco phakathi kwedatha kunye nesigqibo sikhuseleke.
Kutheni ukubalwa koMvuzo oDityanisiweyo kuSilela kwisikali
Iifemu ezininzi zisabala ingeniso eseleyo ngesandla: ukutsala ingxelo yetyala lePDF, ukuchwetheza iibhalansi zeakhawunti kunye nezavenge kwispreadsheet, ukongeza amanani engeniso kunye neendleko kwiifomu zezicelo okanye amanqaku, kunye nokuthabatha ukufumana inombolo enye. Olo hambo ludala iingxaki ezinokuqikelelwa.
Ukubanjwa okungaphelelanga kwezibophelelo. Ii-Bureau PDFs dwelisa ii-akhawunti ngokwetheyibhile okanye ngendlela yokubalisa. Abavavanyi kufuneka bafumane uncedo ngalunye, bathathe isigqibo sokuba ngaba lubalwa njengesibophelelo setyala, baze baphinde bawafake amanani. Ukungabikho kweakhawunti enye—ikhadi levenkile, imali-mboleko encinane, okanye iakhawunti egcinwe kwelinye iofisi—kuzijongela phantsi izibophelelo esele zikho yaye ibaxa intsalela. Xa abavavanyi abohlukeneyo betolika ingxelo efanayo ngokwahlukileyo, umthengi omnye unokuvelisa amanani ahlukileyo entsalela.
Akukho mkhondo wophicotho. Intsalela inokufumaneka kuphela kwiseli okanye ainqaku elibhalwe ngesandla. Akukho likhonkco liqinisekisiweyo phakathi kwengxelo ye-bureau esetyenzisiweyo, zeziphi iiakhawunti ezifakiweyo, yeyiphi isiqhelo senkcitho esetyenzisiweyo, kunye nenani lokugqibela. Xa i-NCR okanye umphicothi-zincwadi wangaphakathi ebuza ukuba inani lenziwe njani na, ukwakha ngokutsha kuthatha ixesha kwaye kaninzi akuphelelanga.
Inkcitho engangqinelaniyo kunye nonyango lwengeniso. Umvavanyi omnye unokusebenzisa ingeniso epheleleyo aze athabathe kuphela imali exhuzulwayo ngokusemthethweni; omnye unokusebenzisa ingeniso eshiyekileyo kwipheyslip. Umntu unokusebenzisa iindleko ezichaziweyo zokuphila; omnye unokusebenzisa iNCR okanye imigangatho yoshishino. Ngaphandle kwemithetho emgangathweni, ingeniso yentsalela ayinakuthelekiswa kumatyala onke okanye kubo bonke abavavanyi, kwaye ubulungisa nokuthotyelwa kuyasokola.
Indlela yokubala iNgeniso yeNtsalela: Inyathelo ngenyathelo
Ubalo olululo lwengeniso yentsalela lulandela ulandelelwano olucacileyo. Chaza igalelo ngalinye kube kanye, lisebenzise ngokungaguquguqukiyo, kwaye ubhale imvelaphi yawo wonke umzobo.
Inyathelo loku-1: Seka ingeniso yenyanga nentsalela
Qala ngengeniso yenyanga yomthengi rhoqo: umvuzo, umvuzo, iikhomishini, umvuzo wokurenta, okanye enye ingeniso eqinisekisiweyo. Kubasebenzi, sebenzisa iipayslips; kubathengi abazisebenzelayo, sebenzisa iimbuyekezo zerhafu, iingxelo zebhanki, okanye ii-akhawunti eziphicothiweyo apho kunokwenzeka. Ukuba uqala kwingeniso epheleleyo, thabatha imali exhuzulwayo ngokomthetho (i-PAYE, i-UIF, ipenshini okanye iminikelo ye-provident) ukuze ufumane ingeniso eseleyo (ugoduke nayo). Ingeniso eshiyekileyo sesona siseko singcono sokufikeleleka kuba ibonisa oko umthengi anako ngokwenene. Bhala imvelaphi (umzekelo, ipeyislip yomhla X, umqeshi Y) nokuba inani liphelele okanye lishiyekile.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Thabatha naluphi na utsalo olongezelelweyo olungekafiki kwi-net
Ukuba inethaingeniso esuka kwi-payslip sele ibonisa zonke iimali ezitsalwayo ngokomthetho, akukho kutsalwa okunye okufunekayo kweli nyathelo. Ukuba usebenzisa inani elisabandakanya ukutsalwa ngokuzithandela (umzekelo, i-medical aid, i-garnishee orders, isondlo) esicutha intlawulo yokugodusa, thabatha loo mali ukuze “ingeniso ekhoyo” ibe yeyona nto ifakwa kwiakhawunti yomboleki okanye ifumaneke kwinkonzo yetyala.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Shwankathela zonke izibophelelo zetyala zenyanga ezikhoyo
Dwelisa zonke izivumelwano zetyala ezifuna intlawulo eqhubekayo yenyanga: ibhondi okanye imali-mboleko yendlu, imali yemoto, imali-mboleko yomntu, amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala (ubuncinane okanye intlawulo yesivumelwano), amakhadi evenkile, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye izinto. Umthombo ogunyazisiweyo yingxelo ye-credit bureau. Tsala eyona ngxelo ikhoyo ngoku; bandakanya zonke iiakhawunti kuzo zonke iiofisi ukuba usebenzisa ngaphezu kwesinye. Kwi-akhawunti nganye, sebenzisa isavenge sekhontrakthi (into umboleki enyanzelekileyo ukuba ayihlawule), hayi oko akuhlawulayo ngoku ukuba usalele ngasemva. Shwankathela ezi ukuze ufumane izibophelelo ezikhoyo zenyanga zizonke. Eli nani lilonke liyafana nelisetyenziswe kwi- ityala-to-ingeniso ratio.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Thabatha iindleko ezifanelekileyo zokuhlala
Iindleko zokuphila koko umthengi afuna ukukuchitha nyanga nganye kwizinto eziyimfuneko: indawo yokuhlala (irenti okanye imbuyekezo yebhondi ukuba ayikho kwiimbopheleleko, okanye inxalenye yeendleko zendlu), izinto eziluncedo, ezothutho, ukutya, imfundo, unyango, i-inshorensi kunye nenye inkcitho eyimfuneko. Ukuziqhelanisa kuyahluka: ezinye iifemu zisebenzisa iindleko ezibhengezwe ngabathengi ngokuxhomekeke kwiitshekhi ezifanelekileyo; abanye basebenzisa i-benchmark okanye amanani aqhelekileyo (umzekelo, i-NCR okanye izikhokelo zeshishini ngokwebhanti yengeniso). Nokuba yeyiphi naindlela oyisebenzisayo, yisebenzise rhoqo kwaye uyibhale phantsi. Thabatha iindleko zizonke zenyanga zokuphila kwinani onalo emva kwaManyathelo 1–3 (o.k.t. kwingeniso eyintsalela thabatha kutsalo kuthatyathwe izibophelelo ezikhoyo).
Inyathelo lesi-5: Intsalela yingeniso yentsalela
Ingeniso eyongezelelekileyo = Intsalela yengeniso − Iimali ezongezelelweyo ezitsalwayo − Iimbophelelo zetyala zenyanga ezikhoyo − Iindleko zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo
Isiphumo sisixa-mali esifumanekayo nyanga nganye sentlawulo entsha yetyala okanye yokwabelwa ityala elihlengahlengisiweyo. Ukuba inani lingalunganga okanye lisezantsi kakhulu, umsebenzisi unomthamo omncinci okanye akanayo kwaphela ikhredithi eyongezelelweyo kwaye angaba usematyaleni ngokugqithisileyo. Ukuba kulungile, isavenge esitsha esicetywayo (okanye isixa-mali sezavenge ezihlengahlengisiweyo) kufuneka singagqithi kule ntsalela, kwaye kufuneka sishiye isithinteli kwiindleko ebezingalindelekanga.
UMzekelo Osetyenziweyo: Ingeniso yeNtlekele ngeeRandi
Cinga ngekhaya elinomvuzo omnye eRhawutini. Umboleki ngumsebenzi onesi sikhundla silandelayo.
- Umvuzo opheleleyo wenyanga: R32,000
- Ukutsalwa ngokusemthethweni (PAYE, UIF, pension): R4,800
- Umvuzo wenyanga wonke: R27,200
Izibophelelo zetyala ezikhoyo (ukusuka kwingxelo yakutshanje ye-Experian bureau):
- Ibhondi: R6,200/mo
- Imali yemoto: R2,800/mo
- Imali-mboleko yobuqu: R1,100/mo
- Gcina ikhadi (ubuncinci): R350/mo
- Izibophelelo zizonke ezikhoyo: R10,450/mo
Iindleko zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo (usebenzisa iindleko ezibhengeziweyo ezijongwe ngokuchasene nezithethe):
- Izindlu (iirhafu, izinto eziluncedo, ulondolozo): R1,200
- Ezothutho: R1,800
- Ukutya kunye nekhaya: R3,500
- Imfundo: R800
- Ezonyango kunye ne-inshurensi: R900
Okunye okuyimfuneko: R600 - Ukuphila ngokupheleleyoiindleko: R8,800/mo
Ukubala:
- Ingeniso eseleyo: R27,200
- Thabatha izibophelelo ezikhoyo: −R10,450 → R16,750
- Ukunciphisa iindleko zokuphila: −R8,800
- Ingeniso engaphezulu: R5,500/mo
Lo mboleki une-R5,500 ngenyanga efumanekayo kwikhredithi entsha okanye ehlengahlengisiweyo. Umniki-nkonzo yeentengo zemboleko oqwalasela imali-mboleko entsha yobuqu enesavenge se-R1,800 ngenyanga uya kubona ukuba ingena kwintsalela negumbi lokuyigcina. Umcebisi wamatyala owakha isindululo sohlengahlengiso uya kwabela ama-R5,500 kubo bonke abatyalwayo ngendlela ezinzileyo. Ukuba isavenge esitsha esicetywayo besiyi-R6,000, siya kudlula intsalela kwaye isicelo kufuneka saliwe okanye isiphakamiso sihlaziywe. Ingqiqo efanayo iyasebenza kuzo zonke iimeko: i-surplus yisilingi yenkonzo eyongezelelweyo yamatyala.
I-NCA kunye nokuThobela: Ukubhala uBalo
ICandelo lama-81 nelama-82 le-NCA lifuna ukuba abaniki-nkonzo yeentengo zemboleko bathathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuvavanya iindlela zezimali ezikhoyo zomboleki, ithemba, kunye nezibophelelo phambi kokuba bangene kwisivumelwano sentengo yemboleko. Ingeniso ethe kratya yimveliso ebonakalayo yolo hlolo-ishwankathela ithetha kuthatyathwe izibophelelo kuthatyathwe iindleko ezifanelekileyo. I-NCR ilindele ukuba abaniki-nkonzo zeentengo zemboleko babhale oko kuvavanyiweyo kunye nendlela ekufikelelwe ngayo kwisigqibo. Oko kuthetha ukurekhoda imithombo yengeniso, uludwe lwezibophelelo (kunye nengxelo yeofisi abasuka kuyo), isiseko seendleko ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nentsalela ephumayo. Xa ubalo lwenziwa ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo-kunye nedatha ye-bureau kwiinkalo ezihambelanayo, imithetho yeendleko ezisemgangathweni, kunye nomzila omnye wophicotho-zincwadi ukusuka kwingxelo ukuya kwisiphumo-uvavanyo luyakhuseleka kwaye luyaphinda.
Ityalaabacebisi kufuneka babonise ukuba iziphumo zokungena ematyaleni ngokugqithisileyo kunye nezindululo zohlengahlengiso zisekelwe kuvavanyo olufanelekileyo lweendlela zemali kunye nezibophelelo. Ubalo lwengeniso yentshiyekela ecacileyo, edityaniswe nedatha yeziko elisisiseko kunye neengqikelelo zenkcitho, iyakuxhasa oko. Kuwo onke amaqela, umgaqo ofanayo uyasebenza: ingeniso yentsalela ayilontelekelelo erhabaxa; lixabiso elichaziweyo elifanele ukuphinda liphinde likwazi ukuphinda liphinde likwazi ukuphinda liphinde liphinde likwazi ukuphinda licaciswe kumphicothi-zincwadi okanye umlawuli.
Ukusebenza okuSebenzayo: Ukusebenzisa iNtlekele kwiindima ezahlukeneyo
Ababoneleli ngetyala. Phambi kokunika ikhredithi, thelekisa isavenge esicetywayo kumvuzo wentsalela yomboleki. Ukuba isavenge sigqithise kwintsalela (okanye sisebenzisa kakhulu kangangokuba akukho sithinteli sishiyekileyo), ikhredithi ayifikeleleki kwaye ukuyinika kuphakamisa umngcipheko wokuboleka imali ngokungakhathali. Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi unokuseta ubuncinane besisithinteli sentshiyekela okanye ubuninzi bepesenti yentsalela enokusebenzisa nasiphi na isibophelelo esinye esitsha. Bhala ubalo lwentsalela kunye nendlela oluxhase ngayo isibonelelo okanye ukwehla.
Abacebisi kumatyala emboleko. Ingeniso eyintsalela sisidiba sokwenziwa kwesindululo sohlengahlengiso. Emva kokumisela ukuba umboleki unamatyala amaninzi, yabe intsalela kubo bonke abatyalwayo ngendlela enobulungisa nezinzileyo. Isindululo masibonise indlela eyabalwa ngayo intsalela (ingeniso, izibophelelo, iindleko) kunye nendlela eyabiwa ngayo. Ukuhambelana kuzo zonke iimeko-imilinganiselo yeendleko ezifanayo, ukuphathwa okufanayo kwedatha ye-bureau-kunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nokuxhasa ukulungela uphicotho lwe-NCR.
Abarhwebi bamatyala. Sebenzisa ingeniso yentsalela ukuze abafake izicelo bafaneleke. Ukuba intsalela iphantsi kakhulu kwimveliso efunwa ngumthengi, bacebise ngaphambiliukungenisa isicelo ekusenokwenzeka ukuba saliwe. Oko konga ixesha kwaye kuthintela imibuzo enzima engeyomfuneko. Ubalo akufuneki lube nzulu njengabo bobolekisi bokugqibela, kodwa indlela kufuneka ihambelane ukuze isiqinisekiso sangaphambili sithembeke.
Yeyabani Le
Esi sikhokelo sesabasebenzi beentengo zemboleko baseMzantsi Afrika abafuna ukubala ingeniso eyintsalela njengenxalenye yovavanyo lokufikeleleka: abaniki-nkonzo yeentengo zemboleko abaphonononga izicelo eziphantsi kweNCA, abacebisi ngamatyala esakha izindululo zohlengahlengiso kunye nokumisela ukuba netyala eligqithileyo, kunye nabathengi bamatyala abafake izicelo kwangaphambili. Ikwayeyokuthobela kunye nokusebenza kwabasebenzi abayila okanye baphicothe ukuhamba komsebenzi kwaye bafuna inkcazo ecacileyo yengeniso yentsalela kunye nendlela yokubala ephindaphindwayo. Nokuba usebenzisa i-spreadsheets, iinkqubo zangaphakathi, okanye injongo-ezakhelwe ukufikeleleka kovavanyo izixhobo, ingqiqo iyafana: intsalela yinto eseleyo emva komvuzo, utsalo-mali, izibophelelo, kunye neendleko zokuhlala, kwaye sisalingi senkonzo yetyala elitsha okanye elihlengahlengisiweyo.
Amanyathelo Alandelayo
Ukubalwa kwengeniso yentsalela sisiseko sovavanyo lokufikeleleka okukhuselekayo kunye nokubolekwa kwemali okuthobelayo. Ukuchaza amagalelo ngokucacileyo, ukuwasebenzisa ngokungaguqukiyo, kunye nokunxulumanisa isiphumo kwingxelo yeofisi esisiseko kunye nesiseko seendleko kugcina inkqubo yakho iphicothwa kwaye izigqibo zakho zihambelana nokulindelwe yiNCA.
Dibana no ukubona ukuba idatha yeofisi ecwangcisiweyo kunye nokubalwa kwengeniso esemgangathweni kunokuxhasa njani uhlolo olungaguqukiyo, olunokufikeleleka kwiqela lakho lonke.