Imvume ye-POPIA Yokuhlolwa Kwesikweletu

Ukudonsa umbiko wesikweletu ngaphandle kwemvume evumelekile kungenye yezindlela ezisheshayo zokwephula i-POPIA nokuheha ukunakwa kwezomthetho. Abeluleki ngezikweletu, abahlinzeki bezikweletu, nababolekisi bezikweletu bonke bathembele kudatha ye-bureau evela ku-Experian, Datanamix, TransUnion, kanye namanye ama-bureau - futhi konke ukudonsa kufanele kusekelwe ngokusemthethweni. Emasheke amaningi esikweletu eNingizimu Afrika, lokho kusho ukuthi imvume ye-POPIA yokuhlolwa kwesikweletu kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nayo: umthengi kufanele abe evumelene ngendlela yokuzithandela, eqondile, futhi enolwazi. Nokho amafemu amaningi asebenzisa ulimi lwemvume olungacacile, imvume yenqwaba neminye imigomo, noma ahluleke ukurekhoda ukuthi itholwe nini futhi kanjani imvume. Uma i-Information Regulator noma i-NCR icela ubufakazi, amarekhodi emvume alahlekile noma anganele adala ingozi enkulu.

Lo mhlahlandlela ubeka ukuthi iyini imvume esebenzayo yokuhlolwa kwezikweletu ngaphansi kwe-POPIA, ukuthi ifomu lakho lemvume kufanele likuqukathe ini, ukuthi imvume ihlala isebenza isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi uwagcina kanjani amarekhodi asinda ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku. Ibhalelwe noma ubani odonsa idatha ye-bureau - kungaba ukuhlolwa kokukwazi ukukhokhela, ukubuyekezwa kwezikweletu, ukufaneleka kwangaphambili, noma ukuqapha okuqhubekayo. Ukuze uthole isithombe esibanzi sokuthobela umthetho, bona i-Umhlahlandlela wokuhambisana noMthetho Wezikweletu Kazwelonke.

Kungani Imvume ye-POPIA Yokuhlolwa Kwesikweletu Ibalulekile

Umthetho Wokuvikela Ulwazi Lomuntu Siqu (uMthetho 4 ka-2013) udinga ukuthi ulwazi lomuntu siqu lucutshungulwe ngokusemthethweni. Idatha ye-credit bureau - imilando yezinkokhelo, ukufakwa ohlwini okungalungile, imininingwane kamazisi, nokuziphatha kwezezimali - ulwazi lomuntu siqu. Ukuyifinyelela ngaphandle kwesisekelo esisemthethweni kuwukwephula i-POPIA. Imiphumela ingokoqobo: I-Information Regulator ingakhokhisa inhlawulo efinyelela ku-R10 million, futhi amacala anzima angaholela ekuboshweni iminyaka efinyelela kweyi-10. Ngaphandle kwezinhlawulo, amafemu aphula i-POPIA asengozini yokulahlekelwa ukufinyelela kwehhovisi ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zababhalisile, izimangalo zomphakathi ezivela kwizihloko zedatha, kanye nokulimala okuhlala njalo kwesithunzi. Ukuze uthole ukubuka konke okugcwele kwezibopho ze-POPIA lapho uphatha idatha yekhredithi, bona Ukuthobela kwe-POPIA kwedatha yekhredithi.

Imvume ingesinye sezisekelo ezimbalwa ezisemthethweni zokucutshungulwa. Uma uthola imvume efanele ngaphambi kokudonsa umbiko wesikweletu, usungula isisekelo esicacile somthetho. Uma imvume ingekho, ingacacile, noma irekhodwe ngendlela engafanele, konke ukudonsa kwehhovisi kuba ukwephula okungase kube khona. Ochwepheshe bezikweletu abaphatha imvume njengomsebenzi webhokisi lomaka bathola sekwephuzile ukuthi amafomu abo awahlangabezani nezimfuneko ze-POPIA noma ukuthi abakwazi ukuveza ubufakazi bemvume lapho becelwa.

Yini Ehlanganisa Imvume Evumelekile Ngaphansi Kwe-POPIA

I-POPIA ayichazi imvume esigatshaneni esisodwa, kodwa izimo zokucutshungulwa okusemthethweni kanye nesiqondiso esivela ku-Information Regulator zenza izimfuneko zicace. Imvume evumelekile yokuhlolwa kwesikweletu kufanele ibe ngokuzithandela, icacise, futhi yaziswe.

Ngokuzithandela kusho isihloko sedatha asizange siphoqwe noma sicindezelwe ngokungafanele. Imvume ayikwazi ukuba umbandela wesevisi engahlobene nokucutshungulwa - isibonelo, ukudinga imvume yokumaketha ukuze ufake isicelo sekhredithi kungase kube inkinga uma kokubili kunqwabelene. Ngokuhlolwa kwekhredithi, imvume ngokuvamile iyisimo esiqondile sesicelo, esamukelekayo ngoba isheke liyadingeka kusevisi. Okubalulekile ukuthi umthengi ube nesinqumo sangempela futhi akazange adukiswe.

Specific isho ukuthi imvume ihlobene nenhloso echazwe ngokucacile. Imvume evamile “yokucubungula ulwazi lwami siqu” akwanele. Imvume kufanele isho ukuthi kuzotholwa umbiko wesikweletu, ngaziphi izinjongo (isb. ukuhlolwa kokukwazi ukukhokhela, ukubuyekezwa kwezikweletu, ukufaneleka kwangaphambili), kanye nokuthi yiziphi izikhungo noma izinhlobo zedatha yehhovisi ezizosetshenziswa. Ukucaciswa kuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwe-scope futhi kusekela isimo somkhawulo wokucubungula ngaphansi kwe-POPIA.

Ukwaziswa kusho ukuthi isihloko sedatha sizwisise lokho ababevumelana nakho. Kufanele bazi ukuthi ulwazi lwabo lwezikweletu luzofinyelelwa, ubani ozolufinyelela (ifemu yakho kanye, lapho kufanele, amahhovisi), nokuthi luzosetshenziswa kanjani. Imvume engcwatshiwe ngokwemibandela nemibandela ende, noma ulimi olungacacile noma olungokomthetho, lubukela phansi imvume enolwazi. Ulimi olulula kanye nesigaba semvume esizinikele sithuthukisa kokubili ukuthobela nokuvikela.

Imvume kufanele ibhalwe ibhalwe. Uma ungakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi imvume yanikezwa nini, kanjani, futhi ngaziphi izinjongo, awukwazi ukukhombisa ukucubungula okusemthethweni. Ukugcina amarekhodi akuyona inketho.

Imvume ye-NCA kanye ne-POPIA — Ukuthi Zihlangana Futhi Zihluke Kanjani

Umthetho Wezikweletu Kazwelonke kanye ne-POPIA basebenzisana. I-NCA ayithathi indawo yesidingo sokucutshungulwa okusemthethweni ngaphansi kwe-POPIA; kwezinye izimo, ingakwazi ukunikeza isisekelo esengeziwe noma esihambisanayo.

Isigaba 81 se-NCA sidinga ukuthi abahlinzeki bezikweletu benze ukuhlola ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukukhokhela ngaphambi kokwelula isikweletu. Lokho kuhlola ngokuvamile kudinga idatha ye-credit bureau. Ngakho i-NCA idala isibopho esisemthethweni sokusebenzisa idatha yekhredithi ngaleyo njongo. Ngaphansi kwe-POPIA, ukucubungula okudingekayo ukuze uthobele isibopho esingokomthetho kungaba isisekelo esisemthethweni ngisho ngaphandle kwemvume. Lokho akusho ukuthi imvume ayibalulekile. Empeleni, abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabeluleki bezikweletu basayithola imvume ngoba: yenza inhloso ibe sobala kumthengi, yenelisa izivumelwano eziningi zababhalisi be-bureau, futhi ihambisana neKhodi Yokuziphatha ye-CBA kanye nokulindelwe obala. Ukuthembela kuphela “esibophweni esisemthethweni” ngaphandle kokwazisa umthengi noma imvume yokurekhoda kungakushiya udalule uma injongo iphonswa inselele noma uma usebenzisa idatha kunoma yini engaphezu kwenhloso eqinile ye-NCA.

Ngemisebenzi engadingeki ngokuqinile yi-NCA - efana nokufaneleka kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo esisemthethweni, ukugadwa kwe-akhawunti okuqhubekayo ngale kokuhlolwa kokuqala, noma ukwabelana ngedatha yehhovisi nabanye abantu - imvume noma esinye isisekelo esisemthethweni siyadingeka. I-LINK_0_ kanye Izidingo zokugcina amarekhodi e-NCA zibeka ukuthi ukuhlola nokugcinwa kwerekhodi kungena kanjani ohlakeni olubanzi.

Okufanele Iqukathe Ifomu Lemvume Yokuhlola Isikweletu

Ifomu lemvume noma isigatshana semvume esisetshenziselwa ukuhlola izikweletu kufanele sifake izinto ezilandelayo. Ukuziyeka kwandisa ingozi yokuthi imvume izotholwa ingavumelekile noma ukuthi awukwazi ukufakazela imvume evumelekile.

Inhloso yokuhlolwa kwekhredithi

Yisho ngokucacile ukuthi kungani umbiko wesikweletu utholwa: isibonelo, “ukuhlola ukukwazi kwakho ukukhokhela umkhiqizo wesikweletu owufakele isicelo,” “ukuhlola ukungena kwakho ezikweletini ngokweqile njengengxenye yokubuyekezwa kwezikweletu,” noma “ukuze uvumeleke kusengaphambili ukuthola izipesheli.” Amagama angacacile njengokuthi “ngezinjongo zebhizinisi” noma “ukucubungula isicelo sakho” akwanele.

Imaphi amahhovisi azobuzwa

Yisho izikhungo zezikweletu ozisebenzisayo, noma usho ukuthi ungase ubuze ihhovisi lezikweletu elibhalisiwe noma ngaphezulu (isb. Experian, TransUnion, Datanamix, XDS, Compuscan). Lokhu kusekela imvume enolwazi futhi kuqondanisa nezibopho zababhalisile. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngokuthi i-bureaux ihluke kanjani nokuthi ungasebenzisa nini ngaphezu kweyodwa, bona ukuqhathaniswa kwe-credit bureau eNingizimu Afrika.

Iyiphi idatha ezotholwa

Chaza ukuthi umbiko ungase uhlanganise imininingwane kamazisi, umlando wokukhokha, izibopho ezikhona zezikweletu, ukufakwa kuhlu okungalungile, nedatha ehlobene. Awudingi ukubhala yonke imikhakha, kodwa umthengi kufanele aqonde uhlobo nokuzwela kolwazi.

Uzogcina idatha isikhathi esingakanani

Cacisa isikhathi sokugcina noma ukuthi uzogcina idatha ngokuhambisana nezimfuneko zomthetho nezokulawula (futhi usho ukuthi ziyini lezo, noma lapho umthengi angazithola). Lokhu kusekela umbandela we-POPIA wokuthi idatha ingagcinwa isikhathi eside kunesidingo futhi kusiza ukusetha okulindelekile.

Amalungelo esihloko sedatha

Yazisa umthengi ngamalungelo akhe ngaphansi kwe-POPIA: ilungelo lokufinyelela ulwazi lwakhe lomuntu siqu, ilungelo lokulungisa idatha enganembile, ilungelo lokuphikisa ukucutshungulwa ezimweni ezithile, kanye nelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo kuMlawuli Wolwazi. Isitatimende esifushane, esicacile esinoxhumana naye (isb. isikhulu sakho solwazi noma i-imeyili eqokiwe) sanele.

Ongakukhetha kodwa okunconyiwe: qinisekisa ukuthi imvume ingahoxiswa (futhi uchaze noma yimiphi imiphumela, njengokungakwazi ukuqhubeka nesicelo noma isevisi) nokuthi umthengi angase acele ikhophi yombiko wakhe kwabe-bureau. Ukuze uthole isiqondiso esibhekene neklayenti, ungabhekisela ku-ufundwa kanjani umbiko wezikweletu eNingizimu Afrika.

Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani Imvume?

I-POPIA ayikubeki “ukuphelelwa yisikhathi” okungaguquki kwemvume. Imvume ihlala isebenza kuze kube yilapho ihoxiswa noma kuze kube yilapho injongo ebinikezwe yona isifezekile futhi ungasenaso isisekelo sokugcina noma sokusebenzisa idatha. Empeleni, lokhu kusho:

Isicelo sesikweletu esisodwa: Imvume yokuhlola okukodwa ngokuvamile isebenza kuleso sicelo kuphela. Uma umthengi ephinda efaka isicelo kamuva, noma udonsa umbiko omusha wesicelo esifanayo ngemva kokubambezeleka, qinisekisa ukuthi imvume yakho yamagama ihlanganisa lokho (isb., “yalolu hlelo lokusebenza nanoma ikuphi ukuhlolwa kabusha phakathi nokucubungula kwalo”) noma uthole imvume entsha.
Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo: Uma udonsa idatha yehhovisi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ulawule i-akhawunti noma ukuqapha ubungozi, imvume kufanele ihlanganise ngokusobala ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kanye nemvamisa noma izingcupho (isb. “singathola imibiko yekhredithi ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkathi i-akhawunti yakho isebenza”). Ukuthembela emvumeni yokuqala yesicelo iminyaka yokuqapha ngaphandle kokubeka amagama acacile kudala ingozi.
Ukubuyekezwa kwesikweletu: Imvume etholwe ekuqaleni kokubuyekezwa kwezikweletu kufanele isho ngokucacile ukuthi imibiko yehhovisi ingase itholakale phakathi nenqubo kanye nezinjongo ezihlobene (isb. ukulungiselela iziphakamiso, ukubuyekezwa kokuhlola). Uma inqubo inweba isikhathi eside, qinisekisa ukuthi ifomu lakho limboza umjikelezo wempilo ogcwele noma thola imvume evuselelwe uma ububanzi bushintsha.
Iziqu zangaphambili: Imvume yokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokufaneleka kufanele ikhawulelwe kuleyo njongo. Ukusebenzisa umbiko ofanayo noma imvume yesicelo esisemthethweni kungase kwamukeleke uma ifomu lithi ulwazi lungase lusetshenziselwe isicelo esilandelayo nabahlinzeki abafanayo noma abaqanjwe amagama; uma kungenjalo, thola imvume entsha esigabeni sokufaka isicelo.

Uma ungabaza, thola imvume ehambisana ngokucacile nenhloso ethile kanye nobude besikhathi sokucubungula. Uma inhloso noma ububanzi bushintsha, funa imvume entsha noma ubhale esinye isisekelo esisemthethweni.

Imvume Yezimo Ezihlukene

Isicelo sokuqala sekhredithi

Isimo esivame kakhulu. Umthengi ufaka isicelo sesikweletu; udinga umbiko we-bureau ukuze uhlole ukukwazi ukuthengeka. Imvume kufanele itholwe endaweni noma ngaphambi kwephuzu lokufaka isicelo, ikhava ihhovisi lehhovisi olisebenzisayo, futhi usho ukuthi umbiko uzosetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kokukwazi ukukhokhela kanye nezinqumo zezikweletu. Kufanele yethulwe ngokucacile (isb., ibhokisi lokuhlola elizinikele noma isiginesha) futhi igcinwe nohlelo lokusebenza.

Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo

Abanye abahlinzeki bezikweletu kanye nabaphathi bephothifoliyo badonsa idatha yehhovisi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze baqaphe amakhasimende akhona. Imvume yalokhu kufanele ibe sobala futhi ihlukane nemvume yesicelo sokuqala ngaphandle uma ifomu lokuqala lisho ngokucacile ukuthi ungathola imibiko phakathi nokuphila kobudlelwano. Yisho ukuthi uzodonsa kangaki noma ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo (isb. minyaka yonke, noma lapho ubuyekeza imikhawulo) futhi ugcine ubufakazi bemvume.

Isibuyekezo sesikweletu

Abeluleki ngezezikweletu badinga imibiko ye-bureau ukuze bahlole ukuba nezikweletu ngokweqile futhi balungiselele futhi babuyekeze iziphakamiso. Imvume kufanele itholwe ekuqaleni kwenqubo futhi kufanele isho ukuthi imibiko ingatholwa ehhovisi elilodwa noma ngaphezulu ngenhloso yokubuyekezwa kwezikweletu kanye nokuxhumana okuhlobene nabahlinzeki bezikweletu. Xhumanisa imvume yefayela lecala futhi uligcine isikhathi esifanayo nezinye Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi e-NCA nezimfuneko umzila wokuhlola.

Ukufaneleka kwangaphambili

Abathengi nababolekisi ngezinye izikhathi benza isheke “elithambile” noma lokufaneleka ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo esigcwele. Imvume kufanele isho ukuthi umbiko wesikweletu ungatholwa ukuze uthole ukufaneleka kwangaphambili futhi icacise ukuthi umbiko ofanayo noma idatha ingase isetshenziselwe isicelo esisemthethweni esilandelayo. Uma ukufaneleka kwangaphambili kunebhizinisi elihlukile kunomboleki ekugcineni, qinisekisa ukuthi imvume ihlanganisa ukwabelana nomabolekisi noma uthole imvume futhi uma ufaka isicelo.

Ukugcinwa-Ukugcinwa Kwemvume

Kufanele ukwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi imvume inikiwe, nini, futhi ngayiphi injongo. Lokho kusho ukugcina ifomu lemvume noma ukuthwebula imvume (isb. ifomu elisayiniwe, imvume ye-elekthronikhi enesitembu sesikhathi, noma irekhodi lesicelo elihlanganisa isigatshana semvume) ngendlela elixhumanisa nomthengi othile kanye nokudonsa noma ukuhlola kwehhovisi elithile.

Umkhuba ongcono kakhulu uwukuxhumanisa imvume nefayela elifanayo njengombiko wesikweletu kanye nesinqumo. Lapho i-NCR noma i-Information Regulator icela ubufakazi bokucutshungulwa okusemthethweni, kufanele ukwazi ukubuyisa imvume kanye nombiko ohlobene kanye nesinqumo endaweni eyodwa. Amasistimu anakekela imigudu yokuhlola yokuhlola izikweletu kanye Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi okuthobela i-NCA ngokuvamile asekela lokhu ngokugcina imethadatha yemvume eceleni kombiko nokuhlola. Izikhathi zokugcinwa kwamarekhodi emvume kufanele zihambisane nokuthi ugcina isikhathi esingakanani umbiko wesikweletu ohlobene kanye nedatha yokuhlola.

Ikhodi Yokuziphatha ye-CBA kanye Nemvume

I-Credit Bureau Association Code of Conduct ibophezela ama-bureau kanye nababhalisile. Idinga ukuthi idatha yehhovisi ifinyelelwe kuphela ngezinjongo ezivumelekile nokuthi ababhalisile bathobele umthetho osebenzayo, okuhlanganisa ne-POPIA. IKhodi igcizelela ukuthi konke ukudonsa kwehhovisi kumele kube nenhloso esemthethweni, ebhaliwe. Imvume evumelekile ingenye yezindlela zokuthola leyo njongo nokubonisa ihhovisi (kanye ne-CBA) ukuthi usebenzisa idatha ngokusemthethweni. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngezibopho zobhalisile kanye nenjongo evumelekile, bona i-Ikhodi Yokuziphatha ye-CBA yabasebenzisi bedatha ye-credit bureau.

Ukwehluleka Okujwayelekile Kwemvume kanye Nendlela Yokukugwema

Imvume engacacile noma ejwayelekile: Ulimi olufana nokuthi “Ngivumelana nemibandela” noma “Ngivumela ukucutshungulwa kolwazi lwami” alucacisi isheke lesikweletu noma injongo yalo. Sebenzisa amagama acacile asho imibiko yezikweletu, amahhovisi, kanye nenjongo.

Imvume ehlanganisiwe: Imvume yokuhlolwa kwezikweletu akufanele ihlanganiswe nezimo ezingahlobene (isb. “Ngiyavuma ukwamukela ukumaketha kanye nokuhlolwa kwezikweletu”). Imvume ehlukene yokuhlolwa kwesikweletu, noma wenze imvume yokuhlola isikweletu ihluke ngokusobala futhi ingabi nemibandela yemvume yokumaketha.

Amarekhodi angekho: Uma ungakwazi ukukhiqiza ifomu lemvume noma irekhodi elithembekile lemvume ngesikhathi sokudonsa, awukwazi ukufakazela ukucutshungulwa okusemthethweni. Sebenzisa inqubo ethwebula futhi igcine imvume nesicelo noma ifayela lecala futhi esindayo ekushintsheni kwabasebenzi nohlelo.

Imvume ephelelwe yisikhathi noma engaphandle kwesikophu: Ukusebenzisa imvume ngenjongo noma ubude besikhathi obungachazwanga (isb. ukudonsa umbiko ngemva kweminyaka ethile ukuze uthole umkhiqizo omusha lapho imvume yoqobo bekungeyesicelo esisodwa) kudala ingozi. Qondanisa amagama emvume nokusetshenziswa kwangempela, futhi uthole imvume entsha lapho inhloso noma ububanzi bushintsha.

Alukho ulwazi olumayelana namalungelo noma ukugcinwa: Ukwehluleka ukutshela umthengi ngamalungelo akhe e-POPIA noma ukuthi ugcina idatha isikhathi esingakanani kwenza buthaka ukubonakala futhi kungavezwa esikhalazweni. Faka isitatimende esifushane samalungelo nokugcinwa ngaphakathi noma eceleni kwemvume.

Izincomo Ezisebenzayo Zemvume Ethobelayo

Sebenzisa ingxenye yemvume ezinikele ukuze uhlole izikweletu kumafomu okufaka isicelo noma imigomo, ngolimi olulula, nebhokisi lokumaka elicacile noma isiginesha.
Yisho inhloso kanye nehhovisi (noma isigaba samahhovisi) embhalweni wemvume.
Faka namalungelo esihloko sokugcinwa kanye nedatha esazisweni sakho sobumfihlo noma efomini lemvume futhi uligcine libuyekeziwe.
Imvume yokugcina nesicelo noma icala bese uyixhumanisa nokudonsa nokuhlola kwehhovisi endleleni yakho yocwaningo.
Buyekeza amagama emvume lapho ungeza ihhovisi elisha, umkhiqizo, noma isimo sokusebenzisa (isb. ukufaneleka kwangaphambili, ukuqapha).
Abasebenzi bezitimela ukuze kungabikho muntu odonsa umbiko ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuthi imvume esebenzayo isefayilini. Qinisekisa ukuthi Ukubhaliswa kwe-NCR kanye nezibopho eziqhubekayo kuhlangatshezwana nazo ukuze inhlangano yakho igunyazwe ukwenza imisebenzi othola ngayo imvume.

Vikela Ukwenza Kwakho Ngemvume Efanelekile

Imvume ye-POPIA esebenzayo yokuhlolwa kwezikweletu eNingizimu Afrika iyisisekelo sokusebenzisa ihhovisi elisemthethweni. Ukuthola ifomu ngendlela efanele nokugcina amarekhodi afakazela imvume kuzovikela inkampani yakho ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku nasezikhalweni.

Bona ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuhlelekile kwekhredithi namadokhumenti emvume kungasekela kanjani ukuhamba komsebenzi wakho wokuthobela